Allah Almighty says: {But as for he who withholds and considers himself free of need and denies the best [reward], We will ease him toward difficulty. And what will avail him his wealth when he falls?} [Al-Layl: 8-11] He also says: {And whoever is protected from the avarice of his soul - it is those who will be the successful.} [At-Taghābun: 16]
Miserliness is to withhold what should or is recommended to be given.
Avarice is to covet what one does not have. Avarice is worse than miserliness, and both are reprehensible traits.
1) The core of success of a person lies in getting rid of his avarice.
2) A person’s miserliness and reluctance to give leads to misery and keeps one away from the best reward.
some of them have already been cited in the previous chapter.
563/1 - Jābir (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Prophet (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) said: “Beware of injustice, for injustice will be layers of darkness on the Day of Resurrection; and beware of avarice, as it ruined those who were before you. It incited them to shed their blood and regard the unlawful as lawful.” [Narrated by Muslim]
1) Injustice is a major sin, for its perpetrator is threatened with punishment on the Day of Judgment.
2) We should beware of avarice, as it caused the ruin of those before us. The believers are prohibited from emulating the punished people.
Injustice is of two types:
1) Self-injustice, which falls under two categories:
a. Injustice by associating partners with Allah Almighty - that is great injustice. {Indeed, associating partners [with him] is great injustice.}
b. Injustice by commission of sins - that is less severe than associating partners with Allah.
2) Injustice to others, which also falls under two categories:
a. Doing injustice to them by failing to fulfill their obligatory or recommended rights, like the repayment of debts or fulfillment of promises.
b. Oppressing them by taking their rights and violating their sanctities, like backbiting and stealing.