قال الله تعالىٰ: {فَمَاذَا بَعۡدَ ٱلۡحَقِّ إِلَّا ٱلضَّلَٰلُۖ فَأَنَّىٰ تُصۡرَفُونَ} [يونس: 32] ، وقال تعالىٰ: {مَّا فَرَّطۡنَا فِي ٱلۡكِتَٰبِ مِن شَيۡءٖۚ} [الأنعام: 38] ، وقال تعالىٰ: {فَإِن تَنَٰزَعۡتُمۡ فِي شَيۡءٖ فَرُدُّوهُ إِلَى ٱللَّهِ وَٱلرَّسُولِ} [النساء: 59] أي: الكِتَابِ وَالسُّنَّةِ. وَقَالَ تَعَالَى: {وَأَنَّ هَٰذَا صِرَٰطِي مُسۡتَقِيمٗا فَٱتَّبِعُوهُۖ وَلَا تَتَّبِعُواْ ٱلسُّبُلَ فَتَفَرَّقَ بِكُمۡ عَن سَبِيلِهِۦۚ} [الأنعام: 153] ، وقال تعالىٰ: {قُلۡ إِن كُنتُمۡ تُحِبُّونَ ٱللَّهَ فَٱتَّبِعُونِي يُحۡبِبۡكُمُ ٱللَّهُ وَيَغۡفِرۡ لَكُمۡ ذُنُوبَكُمۡۚ} [آل عمران: 31] . والآيَاتُ في الْبَابِ كَثِيرَةٌ مَعْلُومَةٌ.
Allah Almighty says: {What is beyond the truth except falsehood? So how could you be averted [from the truth]?} [Surat Yūnus: 32] Allah Almighty also says: {We have missed nothing in the Record} [Surat al-An‘ām: 38] Allah Almighty also says: {If you disagree over anything, refer it to Allah and the Messenger} [Surat an-Nisā’: 59] It means refer it to the Qur’an and Sunnah. Allah Almighty also says: {This is My straight path; follow it and do not follow other ways, lest they lead you away from His way} [Surat al-An‘ām: 153] Allah Almighty also says: {Say, “If you love Allah then follow me; Allah will love you and forgive you your sins} [Suart Āl ‘Imrān: 31] There are many other well-known verses in this regard.
التحذير من البدع ومحدثات الأمور، ولن يعلم العبد خطورة البدع إلا إذا علم مفاسدها، فمن مفاسد البدع:
They warn against religious innovations whose danger is only identified if one learns their evil consequences. Some of them are:
1) إن في البدعة خروجاً عن اتباع النَّبيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم ، ومناقضةً لمعنىٰ (شهادة أن محمداً رسول الله).
1) Religious innovation goes against following the Prophet (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) and contradicts the meaning implied in the profession of faith, “I bear witness that Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah.”
2) إن في البدعة طعناً في الإسلام؛ وكأن الدِّين لم يكتمل بعد!
2) Religious innovation involves a disparagement of Islam because it implies that the religion is not yet complete.
3) إن في مضمون البدع الطعن برسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم ، وأنه لم ينقل لنا الدين كاملاً.
3) Religious innovation involves a disparagement of the Messenger of Allah (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) in the sense that he had not conveyed the religion in its complete form.
4) إن فيها طعناً في الصحابة ، لأنهم ــ وهم خير الأمة ــ لم يفعلوها، فكأنهم قصروا في العبودية.
4) It also implies a disparagement of the Companions, who are the best of this nation, because they did not practice that innovation, which makes it seem as if they fell short in their servitude [to Allah].
5) إن البدعة إذا انتشرت في الأمة غابت السنة النبوية عن حياة المؤمنين.
5) If a religious innovation spreads widely, it eclipses the Prophetic Sunnah from the people’s lives.
6) إن المبتدع لا يُحَكّم الكتاب والسنة، بل يجعل هواه هو الحاكم.
6) A religious innovator does not refer to the Qur’an and Sunnah for judgment, but rather to his own desires.
وَأَمَّا الأحَاديثُ: فَكَثِيرَةٌ جِداً، وَهِيَ مَشْهُورَةٌ، فَنَقْتَصِرُ عَلَىٰ طَرَف مِنْهَا:
As for the relevant Hadīths, they are numerous; so, we list a number of them as follows:
1/169ــ عَنْ عَائِشَةَ رضي الله عنها قَالَتْ: قَالَ رسولُ الله صلى الله عليه وسلم : «مَنْ أَحْدَثَ في أَمْرِنا هَذَا مَا لَيْسَ مِنْهُ فَهُوَ رَدّ». متفقٌ عليه.
169/1- ‘Ā’ishah (may Allah be pleased with her) reported that the Messenger (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) said: “Whoever innovates something in this matter of ours [Islam] which is not part of it, it will be rejected.” [Narrated by Al-Bukhāri and Muslim]
وفي رواية لمسلمٍ: «مَنْ عَمِلَ عَمَلاً لَيْسَ عَلَيْهِ أَمْرُنـَا فَهُوَ ردٌّ».
Another version narrated by Muslim reads: “Whoever does something that is not in accordance with this matter of ours (meaning Islam), it will be rejected.”
ردّ: مردود علىٰ صاحبه غير مقبول منه.
Rejected: it will not be accepted from its doer and will rebound on him.
1) العبادة إذا لم نعلم أنها من دين الله فهي مردودة.
1) Unless we know that an act meant for worship is actually part of Islam, it would be rejected.
2) الأعمال المتوعَّد عليها في الحديث تشمل الأعمال الشرعية من عبادات ومعاملات. وأما الأمور الدنيوية فالإحداث فيها جائز، فيما هو نافع وغير مخالف لشرعنا الحنيف.
2) The threat in the Hadīth applies only to Sharia-related deeds, whether acts of worship or dealings. As for innovation in worldly affairs, it is permissible as long as it is beneficial and does not violate our Sharia.
3) تجنب البدع في الدين؛ لأنها من محبطات الأعمال.
3) It instructs avoidance of religious innovation because it renders good deeds worthless.
4) وجوب اتباع هدي النَّبيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم والتزام سُنّته.
4) It instructs the obligation of following the guidance of the Prophet (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) and adhering to his Sunnah.
2/170ــ وعن جابِرٍ رضي الله عنه قال: كان رسولُ الله صلى الله عليه وسلم إذَا خَطَبَ احْمَرَّتْ عَيْنَاهُ، وَعَلا صَوْتُهُ، وَاشْتَدَّ غَضَبُهُ، حَتَّىٰ كَأَنَّهُ مُنْذِرُ جَيْشٍ، يَقُولُ: «صَبَّحَكُمْ وَمَسَّاكُمْ» وَيَقُول: «بُعِثْتُ أَنَا والسَّاعَة كَهَاتَيْنِ» وَيَقْرِنُ بَيْنَ أُصْبُعَيْهِ، السَّبَّابَة وَالْوُسْطَى، وَيَقُولُ: «أمَّا بَعْدُ، فَإنَّ خَيْرَ الْحَدِيثِ كِتَابُ الله، وَخَيْرَ الْهَدْيِ هَدْيُ مُحَمَّدٍ صلى الله عليه وسلم ، وَشَرَّ الأُمُورِ مُحْدَثَاتُهَا، وَكُلَّ بِدْعَةٍ ضَلالَةٌ»، ثُمَّ يَقُولُ: «أنَا أَوْلَىٰ بُـكُلِّ مُؤْمِنٍ مِنْ نَفْسِهِ، مَنْ تَرَكَ مَالاً فلأَهْلِهِ، وَمَنْ تَرَكَ دَيْنَا أَوْ ضَيَاعاً فإلَيَّ وَعَلَيَّ». رواه مسلم.
170/2- Jābir (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: “When the Messenger of Allah (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) delivered a sermon, his eyes would become red, his voice would rise, and his anger would increase. He would sound as if he were warning against an attacking army, saying, ‘The enemy will attack you in the morning or in the evening.’ He would also say: ‘I was sent to you at a time when the Hour is very close like these two fingers,’ and he would join his index and middle fingers and would further say: “To proceed, you should know that the best of speech is in the Book of Allah, and the best of guidance is the guidance of Muhammad (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him). And the most evil of affairs are the innovated ones; and every innovation is error.” Then he would say: “I am closer to a Muslim than his own self; so he who left behind property, it is for his family; and he who dies under debt or leaves children (in helplessness), the responsibility (of paying his debt and bringing up his children) lies on me.” [Narrated by Muslim]
وعن الْعِرْبَاضِ بنِ سَارِيَةَ رضي الله عنه حَدِيثُهُ السَّابِقُ في بَابِ (الْمُحَافَظَةِ عَلَىٰ السُّنَّةِ).
Al-‘Irbād ibn Sāriyah (may Allah be pleased with him) also reported a Hadīth in this regard in the Chapter on Preserving the Sunnah.
ضياعاً: أولاداً صغاراً يضيعون.
--
1) إن احمرار عينيه صلى الله عليه وسلم ، وعلو صوته، واشتداد غضبه، دليل حرصه علىٰ أمته، ونذارته لها مما يكون من أمرها.
1) The Prophet’s eyes turning red, his voice getting louder, and his growing anger reflect his keenness on the welfare of his nation and warning it against what it may encounter.
2) أجل الدنيا قريب، فليجتهد العبد في زاد الآخرة.
2) Life is too short; so, one should increase his provision for the Hereafter.
3) الخير كل الخير في اتباع كتاب الله تعالىٰ، وسنة رسوله صلى الله عليه وسلم ، والشّرّ كل الشّرّ في البدع والمحدثات في الدين.
3) All forms of good are embodied in following the Book of Allah Almighty and the Sunnah of His Messenger (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him), whereas all forms of evil are embodied in religious innovations.
4) خطورة الدَّين في ذمة الإنسان، فعلىٰ العبد ألا يستدين إلا إذا دعت الضرورة الملحة إلىٰ ذلك، مع حرصه علىٰ سرعة الأداء، وإبراء الذمة.
4) It shows the seriousness of dying while indebted to someone. So one must avoid asking for a debt unless in dire necessity, and must try his best to repay and clear his liability as soon as he can.