قال تعالىٰ: {إِنَّمَا ٱلۡمُؤۡمِنُونَ إِخۡوَةٞ} [الحجرات: 10] ، وقال تعالىٰ إخباراً عن نوح صلى الله عليه وسلم: {وَأَنصَحُ لَكُمۡ} [الأعراف: 62] ، وعَنْ هُودٍ صلى الله عليه وسلم: {وَأَنَا۠ لَكُمۡ نَاصِحٌ أَمِينٌ} [الأعراف: 68].
Allah Almighty says: {The believers are but brothers} [Surat al-Hujurāt: 10] Allah Almighty also says as He reports the speech of Nūh (Noah) (peace be upon him): {and I give you sincere advice} [Surat al-A‘rāf: 62] and the speech of Hūd (Heber) (peace be upon him): {and I am your sincere adviser} [Surat al-A‘rāf: 68]
النصيحة هي: بذل الخير للغير، والنصح يلزم له أن يحب الناصح لأخيه الخير ويدعوه إليه، ويبينه له. وضد النصيحة: المكر، والغش، والخيانة، والخديعة.
Nasīhah is to extend good to others, which entails that the giver of Nasīhah likes for his brother to be in a good state and invite him to what is good and makes it clear to him. The opposite of Nasīhah is cunning, cheating, betrayal, and deception.
1) النصيحة من ثمرات الأخوة في الدين، بل من أهم مستلزمات هذه الأخوة.
1) Nasīhah is a fruit of religion-inspired brotherliness; rather, it is among the essential requirements of such brotherliness.
2) علىٰ المرء أن يكون من الناصحين لإخوانه، مبدياً لهم الخير؛ حتىٰ تتحقق بذلك الأخوة الإيمانية.
2) One should be a giver of Nasīhah to his brothers, showing to them what is good so that the faith-based bond of brotherliness is realized.
وأما الأحاديث:
As for the relevant Hadīths:
1/181ــ فَالأوَّل: عن أبي رُقَيَّةَ تَميمِ بنِ أوْسٍ الدَّارِيِّ رضي الله عنه أَنَّ النَّبيَّ صلى الله عليه وسلم قال: «الدِّينُ النَّصِيحَةُ»، قُلْنَا: لِمَنْ ؟ قَالَ: «لله وَلِكِتَابِهِ وَلِرَسُولِهِ وَلأئمَّةِ المُسْلِمِينَ وَعَامَّتِهِمْ». رواه مسلم.
181/1- First Hadīth: Abu Ruqayyah, Tamīm ibn Aws al-Dāri (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Prophet (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) said: “The religion (Islam) is Nasīhah (sincerity).” We (the Companions) said: “To whom?” He said: “To Allah, to His book, to His Messenger, to the imams (scholars and rulers) of Muslims, and to their commoners.” [Narrated by Muslim]
1) من النصيحة لله _عز وجل_: تحقيق الإخلاص لله تعالىٰ، والتعبد له محبة وتعظيماً، وأن يغار علىٰ حرمات الله تعالىٰ، ويذبُّ عن دين الله تعالىٰ، ويدعو إليه.
1) Nasīhah to Allah Almighty means to be sincere to Him, achieve servitude to Him out of love and glorification, to have protective zeal for the sacred ordinances of Allah Almighty, defend His religion and call people to believe in it.
2) من النصيحة لكتاب الله: أن يقيم العبد حروفه تلاوةً وتدبراً، وينشر معناه الصحيح بين المسلمين، ويقوم بامتثاله؛ بفعل واجباته، والانتهاء عن محرماته، وتصديق أخباره.
2) Nasīhah to the Book of Allah means realization of its words, by recitation and contemplation, spreading its correct meanings among the Muslims, and adhering to its teachings by doing what is obligatory, avoiding what is prohibited and believing its reports.
3) من النصيحة لرسوله صلى الله عليه وسلم: الإيمان التام برسالته، وتصديق خبره، وصدق الاتباع له، والدفاع عن شريعته وحمايتها، ومحاربة البدع وأهلها، واحترام الصحابة رضي الله عنهم وتعظيمهم ومحبتهم والدفاع عنهم.
3) Nasīhah to His Messenger (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) means complete belief in his message, deeming truthful all what he informed about, true compliance with his guidance, defending and protecting his Sharia, combating religious innovations and those who follow them, respecting, honoring, loving and defending the Companions (may Allah be pleased with them).
4) من النصيحة لأئمة المسلمين: احترام العلماء، والحرص علىٰ تلقي ما عندهم من العلم، وألَّا تُتبع زلاتهم وما يخطئون فيه؛ لأنهم غير معصومين، وأن يدافع عنهم. وأما أئمة المسلمين من الحكام فالنصح لهم: بأن يكف عن مساوئهم، ويناصحهم علىٰ قدر ما يستطيع.
4) Nasīhah to Muslim imams means to respect the scholars, be keen to learn the knowledge they possess, and avoid pursuing their slips and mistakes because they are not infallible. Rather, one should defend them. As for the Muslim rulers, Nasīhah to them means to overlook their downsides and offer to them advice as much as he can.
5) ومن النصح لعامة المسلمين: أنْ تُحبَّ لهم ما تحب لنفسك، وأن ترشدهم إلىٰ الخير، وأن تهديهم إلىٰ الحق، وترحم الخلق.
5) Nasīhah to common Muslims means that one should like for them what he likes for himself, guide them to good, direct them to the truth and be merciful to them.
2/182ــ الثَّاني: عَنْ جَرِير بْنِ عبد الله رضي الله عنه قال: بَايَعْتُ رَسولَ الله صلى الله عليه وسلم عَلىٰ إقَامِ الصَّلاةِ، وإيتَاءِ الزَّكَاةِ، وَالنُّصْحِ لِكُلِّ مُسْلِم. متفقٌ عليه.
182/2- Second Hadīth: Jarīr ibn ‘Abdullah (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: “I gave the Messenger of Allah (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) my pledge to establish the prayer, pay Zakah, and extend Nasīhah to every Muslim.” [Narrated by Al-Bukhāri and Muslim]
3/183ــ الثَّالثُ: عَن أَنسٍ رضي الله عنه عن النَّبيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم قال: «لا يُؤْمِنُ أَحَدُكُمْ حَتَّىٰ يُحِبَّ لأخِيهِ مَا يُحِبُّ لِنَفْسِهِ». متفق عليه.
183/3- Third Hadīth: Anas (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Prophet (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) said: “None of you is a believer till he loves for his (Muslim) brother what he loves for himself.” [Narrated by Al-Bukhāri and Muslim]
1) الترغيب في بذل النصح لكل مسلم قريب أو بعيد، صغير أو كبير، ذكر أو أنثى.
1) The Hadīths encourage extending Nasīhah to all Muslims, relative or non-relative, young or old, male or female.
2) من النصح للمسلمين أن تحب لهم ما تحب لنفسك.
2) Wishing for fellow Muslims what one wishes for himself is an aspect of Nasīhah to Muslims.
3) لا يكتمل الإيمان عند العبد حتىٰ يحب لأخيه ما يحب لنفسه.
3) A person’s faith is not complete until he likes for his fellow Muslims what he likes for himself.
نفي إيمان العبد في الحديث «لايؤمن أحدكم» معناه: نفي كمال الإيمان، وليس نفي أصله. فالإيمان له أصل وفرع. وهو يزيد وينقص، والمؤمن المسدد يَسعىٰ في رعاية إيمانه وازدياده {أَلَمۡ تَرَ كَيۡفَ ضَرَبَ ٱللَّهُ مَثَلٗا كَلِمَةٗ طَيِّبَةٗ كَشَجَرَةٖ طَيِّبَةٍ أَصۡلُهَا ثَابِتٞ وَفَرۡعُهَا فِي ٱلسَّمَآءِ * تُؤۡتِيٓ أُكُلَهَا كُلَّ حِينِۢ بِإِذۡنِ رَبِّهَاۗ} [إبراهيم: 24 ــ 25].
The negation of faith in the aforementioned Hadīth: “None of you is a believer...” means negating complete faith, not the origin of it. In fact, faith has an origin and branches, and it increases and decreases. A guided believer is the one who seeks to maintain and increase his faith. {Do you not see how Allah compares a good word to a good tree? Its root is firm and its branches reach the sky, yielding its fruit all the times, by the permission of its Lord} [Surat Ibrāhīm: 24-25]