1/341 ــ عن ابنِ عُمرَ رضي الله عنهما أنّ النَّبيَّ صلى الله عليه وسلم قال: «إن أَبَرَّ البِرِّ أنْ يَصِلَ الرَّجُلَ ودَّ أَبِيهِ».
341/1- Ibn ‘Umar (may Allah be pleased with him and his father) reported that the Prophet (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) said: “The best form of dutifulness is maintaining relations with those whom one’s father loved.”
2/342ــ وعن عبدِ الله بن دينارٍ عن عبد الله بن عمرَ رضي الله عنهما أنَّ رَجُلاً مِنَ الأعْرَابِ لَقِيَهُ بِطَرِيقِ مَكَّةَ، فَسَلَّمَ عَلَيْهِ عَبْدُ الله بْنُ عُمَرَ، وَحَمَلَهُ عَلىٰ حِمَارٍ كَانَ يَرْكَبُهُ، وأَعْطَاهُ عِمَامَةً كَانَتْ عَلىٰ رَأْسِهِ، قال ابنُ دِينَارٍ: فَقُلْنَا لَهُ: أصْلَحَكَ اللهُ، إنَّهُمُ الأَعْرَابُ، وَهُمْ يَرْضوْنَ بِاليَسِيرِ، فقال عبدُ الله بْنُ عُمَرَ: إنَّ أَبَا هَذَا كَانَ وُدّاً لِعُمَرَ بْنِ الخَطَّاب رضي الله عنه، وإنِّي سَمِعْتُ رسولَ الله صلى الله عليه وسلم يقول: «إنَّ أَبَرَّ البِرِّ صِلَةُ الرَّجُلِ أهْلَ ودِّ أَبِيهِ».
342/2- ‘Abdullah ibn Dīnār reported that ‘Abdullah ibn ‘Umar (may Allah be pleased with him and his father) met a Bedouin man on his way to Makkah, so he greeted him, offered him to mount the donkey he was riding and gave him the turban he was wearing on his head. Ibn Dīnār said: So we said to him: “May Allah make you righteous! Bedouins can be satisfied with anything you give them (i.e. what you have given the Bedouin is too much).” Upon this, ‘Abdullah ibn ‘Umar said: “The father of this man was one of ‘Umar ibn al-Khattāb’s friends whom he loved dearly, and I heard the Messenger of Allah (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) saying: ‘The finest form of dutifulness is maintaining relations with those whom one’s father loved.’”
وفي رواية عن ابن دينارٍ عن ابن عُمَرَ أنَّهُ كانَ إذَا خَرَجَ إلىٰ مَكَّةَ كَانَ لَهُ حِمارٌ، يَتَرَوَّحُ عَلَيْهِ إذا مَلَّ رُكُوبَ الرَّاحِلَةِ، وَعِمَامَةٌ يَشُدُّ بِها رَأْسَهُ، فَبَيْنَما هُوَ يَوْماً عَلىٰ ذلِكَ الحِمَارِ، إذ مَرَّ بِهِ أَعْرَابِيٌّ، فقال: أَلسْتَ ابنَ فُلانِ بنِ فُلانٍ؟ قال: بَلَىٰ فَأَعْطَاهُ الحِمَارَ، فقال: ارْكَبْ هَذَا، وأَعْطَاهُ العِمَامَةَ، وقال: اشْدُدْ بِهَا رَأْسَكَ، فقال لَهُ بَعْضُ أَصْحَابِهِ: غَفَرَ الله لَك،َ أَعْطَيْتَ هَذَا الأَعْرَابيَّ حِمَاراً كُنتَ تَرَوَّحُ عَلَيْهِ، وعِمَامَةً كُنْتَ تَشُدُّ بِها رَأْسَكَ ؟ فقال: إنّي سَمِعْتُ رسولَ الله صلى الله عليه وسلم: «إنَ مِنْ أَبَرِّ البِرِّ أَنْ يَصِلَ الرَّجُلُ أَهْلَ وِدِّ أَبِيهِ بَعْدَ أَنْ يُوَلِّيَ» وإنَّ أَبَاهُ كَانَ صَدِيقاً لِعُمَرَ رضي الله عنه. روىٰ هَذِه الرِّوَايَاتِ كُلَّهَا مسلم.
In another narration, Ibn Dīnār reported: “When Ibn ‘Umar used to set out to Makkah, he kept a donkey with him to ride when he would get tired of riding the camel, and he had a turban which he tied round his head. One day, as he was riding the donkey, a Bedouin happened to pass by him. He (Ibn ‘Umar) said: ‘Are you not the son of so-and-so?’ The Bedouin said: ‘Yes, I am.’ So he gave him his donkey and his turban and said: ‘Ride this donkey, and tie this turban round your head.’ Some of his companions said: ‘May Allah forgive you! You gave to this Bedouin a donkey which you would ride for rest, and the turban which you tied round your head?’ Thereupon, he said: ‘I heard the Messenger of Allah (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) saying: “One of the best acts of dutifulness is that a man maintains good ties with those whom his father loved after his death,” and the father of this man was a friend of ‘Umar (may Allah be pleased with him).’” [All of these narrations were narrated by Muslim]
أبرّ البر: أكمله وأبلغه.
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ود: الحب والمودة والصداقة.
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يتروَّح عليه: يستريح عليه.
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1) إن من عظيم بر الوالدين أن تُكرم من كان له معهما محبّة.
1) One of the greatest forms of dutifulness to parents is to honor those whom they loved.
2) امتثال الصحابة رضي الله عنهم للسنة النبوية، ورغبتهم في الخير، ومسارعتهم إليه. وكثرة فضائل عبد الله بن عمر رضي الله عنهما.
2) The compliance of the Companions (may Allah be pleased with them) with the Sunnah of the Prophet (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him), their desire for doing good, and their hastening to do it, and the many merits of ‘Abdullah ibn ‘Umar (may Allah be pleased with him and his father).
3) من تمام البر والصلة الإنفاق علىٰ أصدقاء والدَيّ الرجل بأخص ماله ومايرضاه لنفسه.
3) One of the perfect aspects of dutifulness and maintaining of ties is to spend on the friends of one’s parents by giving them what he most likes and favors of his property.
3/343 ــ وعن أبي أُسَيْدٍ،ـ بضم الهمزة وفتح السين ـ مالِك بن رَبِيعَةَ السَّاعِدِيِّ رضي الله عنه قال: بَيْنَا نَحْنُ جلُوسٌ عِنْدَ رسولِ الله صلى الله عليه وسلم إذ جَاءَه رَجُلٌ مِن بَني سَلِمَةَ، فقالَ: يا رسولَ الله، هَلْ بقيَ مِنْ بِرِّ أَبَوَيَّ شَيْءٌ أَبَرُّهُمَا بِهِ بَعْدَ مَوْتِهِمَا ؟ فقال: «نَعَمْ، الصَّلاةُ عَلَيْهِمَا، وَالاسْتِغْفَارُ لَهُمَا، وَإنْفَاذُ عَهْدِهِمَا مِنْ بَعْدِهِمَا، وَصِلَةُ الرَّحِمِ الَّتي لا تُوصَلُ إلَّا بِهِمَا، وَإكْرَامُ صَدِيقِهِما». رواه أبو داود[3].
343/3- Abu Usayd, Mālik ibn Rabī‘ah al-Sā‘idi (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: “We were sitting with the Messenger of Allah (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) when a man of Banu Salimah came to him and asked: ‘O Messenger of Allah, is there any dutifulness to parents left that I can show to them after their death?’ He replied: ‘Yes, praying for them, supplicating for their forgiveness, fulfilling their will after their death, maintaining the ties of kinship which cannot be maintained except through them, and honoring their friends.’” [Narrated by Abu Dāwūd] [3]
الصلاة عليهما: الدعاء لهما.
To pray for them: to supplicate Allah in their favor.
إنفاذ عهدهما: إنفاذ وصيتهما.
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1) إن من البر الذي يفعله الولد لوالديه بعد موتهما: الدعاء لهما، والاستغفار لهما، وإكرام صديقهما، وإنفاذ وصيتهما، وصلة الرحم التي لاصلة لك إلا بهما.
1) The dutifulness which one can show to his parents after their death is to pray for them, ask Allah to forgive them, honor their friends, fulfill their will, and to maintain ties with those to whom one is related only through them.
2) الحرص علىٰ تربية الأولاد تربية صالحة، تعود بالنفع علىٰ الوالدين في الحياة ببرهما، وبعد الممات بالدعاء لهما.
2) Parents should be keen on giving righteous upbringing to their children so that they would enjoy their dutifulness during their life and benefit from their supplications for them after their death.
3) حرص الصحابة رضي الله عنهم علىٰ الخير وعدم انقطاعه. والمؤمن المسدّد هو من يقتدي بصحابة رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم في خصال الخير.
3) The Companions (may Allah be pleased with them) were keen to maintain what is good and not stop doing it. A guided believer is the one who follows the example of the Companions of the Messenger of Allah (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) in their good conduct.
4/344 ــ وعن عائشةَ رضي الله عنها قالت مَا غِرْتُ علىٰ أحَدٍ مِنْ نِسَاءِ النَّبيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم مَا غِرتُ عَلىٰ خديجةَ رضي الله عنها، وَمَا رَأَيْتُهَا قَطُّ، وَلَكِنْ كَانَ النَّبيُّ صلى الله عليه وسلم يُكْثِرُ ذِكْرَهَا، وَرُبَّمَا ذَبَحَ الشَّاةَ، ثُمَّ يقَطِّعُهَا أَعْضَاءً، ثُمَّ يَبْعَثُهَا في صَدَائِقِ خَدِيجَةَ، فَرُبَّمَا قُلتُ لَهُ: كَأَنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ في الدُّنْيَا إلَّا خَديجَةُ! فيقولُ: «إنَّهَا كَانَتْ وَكَانَتْ، وَكَانَ لي مِنْهَا وَلَدٌ». متفقٌ عليه.
344/4- ‘Āishah (may Allah be pleased with her) reported: “I did not feel jealous of any of the wives of the Prophet (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) as much as I did of Khadījah though I did not see her, but the Prophet (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) used to mention her very often, and he would perhaps slaughter a sheep, cut it into parts, and send them to the female friends of Khadījah. When I sometimes said to him: ‘It is as if there was no woman on earth except Khadījah!’ He would say: ‘Khadījah was such-and-such, and from her I had children.’” [Narrated by Al-Bukhāri and Muslim]
وفي روايةٍ: وإنْ كَانَ لَيَذْبَحُ الشَّاة، فَيُهْدِي في خَلائِلِهَا مِنْهَا مَا يَسَعُهُنَّ.
According to other versions of the Hadīth: “and whenever he slaughtered a sheep, he would send her close female friends a sufficient share of it.”
وفي روايةٍ: كَانَ إذَا ذَبَحَ الشَاةَ يَقُولُ: «أرْسِلُوا بِهَا إلىٰ أَصْدِقَاءِ خَدِيجَةَ».
“and whenever he slaughtered a sheep, he would say: ‘send it to the female friends of Khadījah.’”
وفي روايةٍ: قالت: اسْتَأْذَنَتْ هَالَة بِنْتُ خُوَيْلِدٍ أُخْتُ خَديجَةَ عَلىٰ رسولِ الله صلى الله عليه وسلم، فَعَرَفَ اسْتِئْذَانَ خَديجَةَ، فَارْتَاحَ لِذلِكَ، فقالَ: «اللهم هَالَةُ بِنْتُ خُوَيْلِدٍ».
In another version of the Hadīth, ‘Āishah (may Allah be pleased with her) reported: “Hālah bint Khuwaylid (sister of Khadījah) asked permission to enter upon the Messenger of Allah (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) and he was reminded of Khadījah’s (manner of) asking leave to enter. He was overwhelmed with emotions thereby and said: ‘O Allah, let it be Halah bint Khuwaylid,’”
قولُهَا: «فَارْتَاحَ» هو بِالحاءِ، وفي الجَمْعِ بين الصحيحين لِلْحُمَيْدِي: «فَارْتَاعَ» بِالعينِ، ومعناه: اهْتَمَ بِهِ.
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صدائق: جمع صديقة.
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خلائلها: جمع خليلة، وهي الصديقة.
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وكان لي منها ولد: كان للنبيّ صلى الله عليه وسلم أربع بنات، وثلاثة أولاد، كلهم من خديجة رضي الله عنها، إلا ولده إبراهيم رضي الله عنه، فكان من مارية القبطية رضي الله عنها.
‘From her I had children’: The Prophet (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) had four daughters and three sons, all of them were from Khadījah (may Allah be pleased with her). It was only his son Ibrāhīm (may Allah be pleased with him) that he had with Māriyah al-Qibtiyyah (may Allah be pleased with her).
فعرف استئذان خديجة: تذكر عند استئذانها خديجة رضي الله عنها، لأن صوت هالة يشبه صوت خديجة رضي الله عنهما.
He was reminded of Khadījah’s (manner of) asking leave to enter: because Hālah’s voice was similar to Khadījah’s voice (may Allah be pleased with them both).
1) إن إكرام صديق الإنسان بعد موته يعتبر إكراماً له وبرّاً به.
1) Honoring the deceased person’s friend after his death is considered honoring of the deceased and dutifulness to him.
2) إظهار فضيلة ومنقبة لأم المؤمنين خديجة بنت خويلد رضي الله عنها.
2) The exclusive merit and excellence of the Mother of the Believers, Khadījah bint Khuwaylid (may Allah be pleased with her) is highlighted.
3) حُسن وفاء رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم لزوجته الأولى، التي ناصرته وثبتت معه رضي الله عنها، وهذا فيه وصية عظيمة للأزواج في حفظ حق زوجاتهم بعد الموت، فكيف حال الحياة؟!.
3) The graceful faithfulness of the Messenger of Allah (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) to his first wife who supported him and stood firmly by his side. Here is a great commandment for husbands to guard the rights of their wives after their death, so how about guarding such rights in their lives?!
5/345 ــ وعن أَنَس بن مَالِكٍ رضي الله عنه قال: خَرَجْتُ معَ جَريرِ بن عبدِ الله الْبَجَلِيِّ رضي الله عنه في سَفَرٍ، فَكَانَ يَخْدُمُني، فَقلتُ لَهُ: لا تَفْعَلْ، فقال: إنِّي قَدْ رَأَيْتُ الأَنْصَارَ تَصْنَعُ بِرَسُولِ الله صلى الله عليه وسلم شَيْئاً، آليتُ عَلىٰ نَفْسي أَلا أَصْحَبَ أَحَداً مِنْهُمْ إلَّا خَدَمْتُهُ. متفقٌ عليه.
345/5- Anas ibn Mālik (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: “I set out with Jarīr ibn ‘Abdullah al-Bajali on a journey, and he would serve me. I said to him: ‘Do not do that!’ He said: ‘I saw the Ansār do (good) things to the Messenger of Allah (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him), so I took a pledge upon myself that whenever I accompanied anyone of them, I would serve him.’” [Narrated by Al-Bukhāri and Muslim]
آليت: حلفت.
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1) إكرام مَن يكرم النَّبيَّ صلى الله عليه وسلم؛ فإكرام أصحابُ الرجلِ إكرامٌ للرجل، واحترامهم احترام له.
1) Whoever honors the Prophet (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) should be honored, because honoring someone’s friends is like honoring him and respecting them is like respecting him.
2) بيان تواضع الصحابة رضي الله عنهم، ومعرفة فضائل بعضهم. فهذا جرير خدم أنساً رضي الله عنهما؛ لأنه من الأنصار الذين نصروا رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم.
2) The Companions (may Allah be pleased with them) were modest and recognized each other’s merits. Here is the example of Jarīr who served Anas (may Allah be pleased with both of them) since Anas was from the Ansār who supported the Messenger of Allah (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him).