1/825 ــ عن ابنِ عُمَرَ رضي الله عنهما قال: قال رسولُ الله صلى الله عليه وسلم: «لاَ يُقيمَنَّ أَحَدُكُمْ رَجُلاً مِنْ مَجْلِسِهِ ثُمَّ يَجْلِسُ فِيهِ، وَلكِنْ تَوَسَّعُوا وَتَفَسَّحُوا» وَكَانَ ابنُ عُمَرَ إِذَا قَامَ لَهُ رَجُلٌ من مَجْلِسِهِ، لَمْ يَجْلِسْ فِيهِ. متفقّ عليه.
825/1 - Ibn ‘Umar (may Allah be pleased with him and his father) reported that the Prophet (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) said: “None of you should make a man rise from his seat then sit in it. Rather, make room and spread out.” When anyone would stand in a gathering to make room for Ibn ‘Umar, he would not sit there. [Narrated by Al-Bukhāri and Muslim]
1) إظهارالسُّنّة النَّبويَّة في التوسّع في المجلس بقول: « تفسَّحوا في المجالس»، فإظهار هذا الأدب يجعل قلوب أهل الإيمان متحابّة متماسكة.
1) It points out the Prophetic Sunnah of making room and spreading out in gatherings. This manner brings love and harmony among people.
2) بيان ورع ابن عمر رضي الله عنهما.
2) It highlights the piety and care shown by Ibn ‘Umar (may Allah be pleased with him and his father).
2/826 ــ وعن أبي هُريرةَ رضي الله عنه أنَّ رسولَ الله قال: «إذا قامَ أَحَدُكُمْ مِنْ مَجْلِسٍ ثُمَّ رَجَعَ إلَيْهِ، فَهُوَ أَحَقُّ بِهِ». رواه مسلم.
826/2 - Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Prophet (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) said: “When one of you gets up from his place and then returns to it, he is more entitled to it.” [Narrated by Muslim]
1) إذا قام صاحب المجلس لحاجة ثمّ عاد، فهو أولىٰ بمجلسه من غيره.
1) If a person leaves his seat in a gathering for some need and then returns to it, he is more entitled to it than others.
2) حرص الإسلام علىٰ إعطاء كلّ ذي حقٍّ حقّه؛ ردعاً لشهوات النفوس، واحتراماً لحقوق الأخوّة الإيمانية.
2) Islam is careful to give everyone their due rights, curbing vain inclinations and respecting the rights of brotherliness in faith.
3/827 ــ وعن جَابِر بنِ سَمُرَةَ رضي الله عنهما قال: «كُنَّا إذا أتيْنَا النَّبيَّ صلى الله عليه وسلم ، جَلَسَ أَحَدُنَا حَيْثُ يَنْتَهي».
827/3 - Jābir ibn Samurah (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: “When we went to the Prophet (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him), one would sit at any empty place near the group.”
رواه أَبو داود، والترمذي وقال: حديث حسن.
[Narrated by Abu Dāwūd and Al-Tirmidhi, who classified it as Hasan (sound)]
1) بيانُ أدبٍ من آداب المجلس، وهو أن تجلس حيث ينتهي بك المجلس.
1) It points out one of the etiquettes related to gatherings, namely sitting at any empty place near the group.
2) يستحب الأدب عموماً، وفي مجالس العلم خصوصاً، لأنها أشرف المجالس وأولاها بالأدب.
2) This etiquette is recommended in all gatherings in general and in the gatherings of knowledge in particular, for they are the noblest and most worthy of proper manners.
4/828 ــ وعن أبي عبدِ الله سَلمَانَ الفارسيِّ رضي الله عنه قال: قال رسولُ الله صلى الله عليه وسلم: «لا يَغْتَسِلُ رَجُلٌ يَوْمَ الجُمُعَةِ، وَيَتَطَهَّر ما اسْتَطَاعَ مِنْ طُهْرِ، وَيَدَّهِنُ مِنْ دُهْنِهِ، أَوْ يَمَسُّ مِنْ طِيبِ بَيْتِهِ، ثُمَّ يَخْرُجُ، فَلا يُفَرِّقُ بَيْنَ اثْنَيْنِ، ثُمَّ يُصَلِّي مَا كُتِبَ لهُ، ثُمَّ يُنْصِتُ إذا تكَلَّمَ الإمامُ، إلَّا غُفِرَ لَهُ مَا بَيْنَهُ وَبَيْنَ الجُمُعَةِ الأخْرَىٰ». رواه البخاري.
828/4 - Abu ‘Abdullāh Salmān al-Fārisi (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Prophet (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) said: “If a man takes a bath on Friday, purifies himself as much as he can, uses his (hair) oil or applies whatever perfume available in his house, then proceeds (for the Friday prayer) and does not separate two people (to make a seat for himself), then prays as much as (Allah has) written for him, and remains silent when the Imam speaks, his sins between that Friday and the following Friday will be forgiven.” [Narrated by Al-Bukhāri]
1) من آداب الحضور إلىٰ الجمعة ألا يفرق بين اثنين، إلا إذا كان هناك فرجة فالمشي لسدها ليس من التفريق.
1) One of the etiquettes of attending the Friday prayer is not to separate between two persons. But if there is a gap between two persons, then filling it is not considered separating between them.
2) تكفير الذنوب من الجمعة إلىٰ الجمعة؛ مشروط بوجود جميع ما تقدم من آداب الجمعة الواردة في الحديث. فالثواب التام، مرتب علىٰ العمل التام.
2) Expiation of sins from Friday to Friday is conditional upon the fulfillment of all the etiquettes mentioned in the Hadīth. A complete reward depends on a complete action.
5/829 ــ وعن عَمْرِو بن شُعَيْبٍ عن أَبيهِ عن جَدِّهِ رضي الله عنه أنَّ رَسولَ الله صلى الله عليه وسلم قال: «لا يَحِلُّ لِرَجُلٍ أنْ يُفَرِّقَ بَيْنَ اثْنَيْنِ إلَّا بإذْنِهِمَا». رواه أبو داود، والترمذي وقال: حديثٌ حسنٌ.
829/5 - ‘Amr ibn Shu‘ayb related from his father that his grandfather (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Messenger of Allah (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) said: “It is not lawful for a man to separate two persons except with their permission.” [Narrated by Abu Dāwūd and Al-Tirmidhi, who classified it as Hasan (sound)]
وفي روايةٍ لأبي داود: «لا يَجْلسْ بَيْنَ رَجُلَيْنِ إلا بإذْنِهِمَا».
In a version by Abu Dāwūd: “He should not sit between two men except with their permission.”
1) لا يجوز التفريق بين اثنين إلا إذا أَذِنَا لك في هذا، إما إذْناً بالقول، أو بالفعل.
1) It is not permissible to separate two persons, unless they give permission in words or action.
2) علىٰ المسلم أن يحترم مشاعر الآخرين ولا يضيّق عليهم.
2) A Muslim should be considerate of people’s feelings and not annoy them.
6/830 ــ وعن حُذَيْفَةَ بنِ اليَمَانِ رضي الله عنه ، أنَّ رسولَ الله صلى الله عليه وسلم «لَعَنَ مَنْ جَلَسَ وَسْطَ الحَلْقَةِ». رواه أبو داود بإسنادٍ حسن.
830/6 - Hudhayfah ibn al-Yamān (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Prophet (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) cursed the one who sits in the middle of people’s circle. [Narrated by Abu Dāwūd, with a sound Isnād]
وروىٰ الترمذي عن أبي مِجْلَزٍ: «أَنَّ رَجُلاً قَعَدَ وَسْطَ حَلْقَةٍ، فقال حُذَيْفَةُ: مَلْعُونٌ عَلىٰ لِسَانِ مُحَمَّدٍ صلى الله عليه وسلم ، أَوْ: لَعَنَ اللهُ عَلىٰ لِسَانِ مُحَمَّدٍ صلى الله عليه وسلم مَنْ جَلَسَ وَسْطَ الحَلْقَةِ». قال الترمذي: حديث حسن صحيح[7].
Al-Tirmidhi reported from Abu Mijlaz that a man sat in the middle of a circle. Thereupon, Hudhayfah said: “He is cured by the tongue of Muhammad (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him),” or “Allah cursed through the tongue of Muhammad (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him), he who sits in the middle of a circle.” [Al-Tirmidhi classified this Hadīth as Hasan Sahīh (sound and authentic)]
1) علىٰ الإنسان أن يجلس حيث انتهىٰ به المجلس، ولا يتوسط الحلقة.
1) A person should sit at any empty place near the gathering, not in the middle of the circle.
2) مِن الحكمة في النهي عن الجلوس وسط الحلقة، لأنه يحول بين الناس في مجلسهم، فهذا نوعُ عدوانٍ عليهم، وعلىٰ حقوقهم.
2) When a person sits in the middle of a circle, he acts as a barrier amongst them, and this is a form of encroachment upon their rights.
7/831 ــ وعن أبي سعيد الخُدْري رضي الله عنه قال: سَمِعْتُ رسولَ الله صلى الله عليه وسلم يقول: «خَيْرُ المَجَالِسِ أَوْسَعُهَا»..
831/7 - Abu Sa‘īd al-Khudri (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: I heard the Prophet (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) say: “The best gatherings are the widest.”
رواه أبو داود بإسنادٍ صحيح علىٰ شرطِ البخاري.
[Narrated by Abu Dāwūd with an authentic Isnād that meets the conditions of Al-Bukhāri]
1) المجالس الواسعة هي خير المجالس، لما فيها من انشراح الصدر وسعته.
1) Wide gatherings are the best of gatherings, since they give a sense of relief and spaciousness.
2) علىٰ الجالسين دفع كل ما يُفضي إلىٰ ضيق المجلس، حتىٰ لا يفقد المجلس ثمرته، وخاصة إن كان مجلس علم.
2) Attendees should prevent anything that restricts the space of the gathering, lest it may lose its benefit. This is particularly so if it is a gathering of knowledge.
8/832 ــ وعن أبي هريرة رضي الله عنه قال: قال رسولُ الله صلى الله عليه وسلم: «مَنْ جَلَسَ في مَجْلِسٍ، فَكَثُرَ فِيهِ لَغَطُهُ، فقال قَبْلَ أَنْ يَقُومَ مِنْ مَجْلِسِهِ ذلكَ: سُبْحَانَكَ اللهم وَبحَمْدِكَ، أَشْهَدُ أَنْ لاَ إلهَ إلَّا أَنْتَ، أَسْتَغْفِرُكَ وَأَتُوبُ إلَيْكَ، إلَّا غُفِرَ لَهُ مَا كَانَ في مَجْلِسِهِ ذلكَ». رواه الترمذي وقال: حديث حسن صحيح.
832/8 - Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Prophet (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) said: “Whoever sits in a gathering and indulges in useless talk, and before getting up, he says, ‘Subhānak Allāhumma wa bihamdik, ashhadu an la ilāha illa ant, astaghfiruka wa atūbu ilayk (O Allah, glory and praise be to You. I testify that there is no god but You; I ask Your Pardon and turn to You in repentance),’ he will be forgiven for what took place in that assembly.” [Narrated by Al-Tirmidhi; he classified it as Hasan Sahīh (sound and authentic)]
9/833 ــ وعن أَبي بَرْزَةَ رضي الله عنه قال: كَانَ رسولُ الله يقولُ بِأخَرَةٍ إذا أَرَادَ أَنْ يَقُومَ مِنَ المَجْلِسِ: «سُبْحَانَكَ اللهم وَبحَمْدِكَ، أَشْهَدُ أَنْ لَا إلهَ إلَّا أَنْتَ، أَسْتَغْفِرُكَ وَأَتُوبُ إلَيْكَ» فقال رجل: يا رسول الله، إنَّكَ لَتَقُولُ قَوْلاً ما كُنْتَ تَقُولُهُ فِيمَا مَضَىٰ؟ قال: «ذلكَ كَفَّارَةٌ لِمَا يكونُ في المَجْلِسِ». رواه أبو داود.
833/9 - Abu Barzah (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: When the Messenger of Allah (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) intended to get up from the assembly, the last thing he would say was: “O Allah, glory and praise be to You. I testify that there is no god but You; I ask Your Pardon and turn to You in repentance.” A man asked: “O Messenger of Allah, you utter words now which you did not say in the past?” He replied: “This is an atonement for what takes place in the assembly.” [Narrated by Abu Dāwūd]
ورواه الحاكم أبو عبد الله في (المستدرك) من رواية عائشة رضي الله عنها وقال: صحيح الإسناد.
It was also narrated by Al-Hākim in Al-Mustadrak as reported by ‘Ā’ishah (may Allah be pleased with her). He classified its Isnād as authentic.
لَغَطُه: كلامه الذي لا نفع فيه.
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بِأَخَرَة: في آخر المجلس.
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1) من جلس مجلساً كثر فيه لغطه، يكفّره الدعاء الوارد في كفّارة المجلس، فَلْيحرصِ المؤمن علىٰ حفظه، وذكره في المجالس، وتعليمه للجالسين.
1) If a person sits in a gathering and engages in a lot of idle talk, he can expiate for that through the reported supplication. A believer should be keen to memorize this supplication, say it in gatherings, and teach it to other attendees.
2) هذا الدعاء فيه تنزيه الله عن كلّ نقص، وحمده علىٰ كلّ فعل، وإثبات الألوهية لله تعالىٰ وحده، والرجوع إليه بالاستغفار والتوبة.
2) The supplication involves exaltation of Allah Almighty above any imperfection, praise Him for everything, affirmation of His divinity and oneness, and repenting to Him.
هذا الدعاء يُقال حتىٰ في ختام مجالس الخير والذكر، فيكون كالختم عليها، كما ورد بذلك الحديث الصحيح، الذي رواه النسائي في (عمل اليوم والليلة) عن عائشة رضي الله عنها قالت: كان صلى الله عليه وسلم إذا جلس مجلساً، أو صلَّىٰ صلاةً تكلم بكلماتٍ، فسألْتُـهُ عن هذه الكلمات؟ فقال: «إنْ تَكلَّمَ بخير كان طابعاً عليهن إلىٰ يوم القيامة، وإنْ تَكلَّمَ بغير ذلك كان كفارة له: سبحانك اللهم وبحمدك، لا إله إلا أنت، أستغفرك وأتوب إليك».
This supplication should also be said at the end of pious gatherings, acting like a seal, as indicated in an authentic Hadīth narrated by Al-Nasā’i and reported by ‘Ā’ishah (may Allah be pleased with her): “When the Prophet (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) sat in a gathering or offered a prayer, he would utter certain words. I asked him about these words and he replied: ‘If he (a person) has spoken some good words, these will be a seal for them to preserve them until the Day of Resurrection, and if he has spoken otherwise, these will be an expiation for him: Subhānak Allāhumma wa bihamdik, la ilāha illa ant, astaghfiruka wa atūbu ilayk (O Allah, glory and praise be to You. I testify that there is no god but You; I ask Your Pardon and turn to You in repentance).’”
10/834 ــ وعن ابن عمر رضي الله عنهما قال: قلَّما كان رسولُ الله صلى الله عليه وسلم يَقومُ مِن مَجْلِسٍ حتىٰ يَدْعُوَ بهؤُلاءِ الدَّعَوَاتِ: «اللهم اقسِم لَنَا مِن خَشْيَتِكَ ما تَحُولُ بهِ بَيْنَنَا وَبَيْنَ مَعَاصِيْكَ، ومن طَاعَتِكَ ما تُبَلّغُنا بِهِ جَنَّتَكَ، ومِنَ اليَقينِ ما تُهَوِّنُ بِهِ عَلَينا مَصَائِبَ الدُّنيَا. اللهم مَتِّعْنَا بِأَسْمَاعِنَا، وأَبصَارِنَا، وقوَّتِنَا ما أَحْيَيْتَنَا، واجعلْهُ الوَارِثَ مِنَّا، وَاجعَلْ ثَأْرَنَا عَلىٰ مَنْ ظَلَمَنا، وانْصُرْنَا عَلىٰ مَنْ عَادَانَا، وَلا تَجْعَل مُصِيبَتَنَا في دِينِنَا، وَلا تَجْعَلِ الدُّنيَا أَكبَرَ هَمِّنَا، ولا مَبلَغَ عِلمِنَا، ولاَ تُسَلِّطْ عَلَيْنَا مَنْ لا يَرْحَمُنَا»، رواه الترمذي وقال: حديث حسن.
834/10 - Ibn ‘Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Prophet (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) would rarely get up from a gathering without making this supplication: “Allāhumma iqsim lana min khashyatika ma tahūlu bihi baynana wa bayna ma‘āsīk, wa min tā‘atika ma tuballighuna bihi jannatak, wa min al-yaqīni ma tuhawwinu bihi ‘alayna masā’ib al-dunya. Allāhumma matti‘na bi-asmā‘ina wa absārina wa quwwātina mā ahyaytana, waj‘alhu al-wāritha minna, waj‘al tha’rana ‘ala man zhalamana, wansurna ‘ala man ‘ādana, wa la taj‘al musībatana fi dīnina, wa la taj‘al al-dunya akbara hammina wa la mablagha ‘ilmina, wa la tusallit ‘alayna man la yarhamuna ( O Allah, apportion to us such fear that should serve as a barrier between us and acts of disobedience; and such obedience that should take us to Your Paradise; and such certitude that should alleviate for us the calamities of this worldly life. O Allah, let us enjoy our hearing, our sight and our strength as long as You keep us alive, and allow this to remain until our death, and make our retaliation restricted to those who oppress us, and give us victory over those who show hostility towards us. Let no misfortune afflict our religion; let not worldly affairs be our main concern or the ultimate limit of our knowledge, and give not authority over us to those who do not show mercy to us.” [Narrated by Al-Tirmidhi; and he classified it as Hasan (sound)]
1) الترغيب في الدعاء بما يَحُول بين الإنسان وفعل المعصية، وهو خشية الله تعالىٰ، وكلّما زادت خشية العبد لله تعالىٰ زاد تعظيمه لربِّه جلَّ وعلا.
1) We are encouraged to supplicate Allah Almighty to grant us what stands as a barrier between us and acts of disobedience, namely fear of Allah. The more a person is fearful of his Lord, the more he exalts Him.
2) علىٰ العبد دوام الاستعانة بالله تعالىٰ، فالتوفيق إلىٰ الطاعة لا يكون إلا بعون منه جلَّ وعلا.
2) A person should constantly seek help from Allah Almighty. Indeed, we can only be led to obedience with help from our Lord.
3) استحباب طلب بقاء النعمة ودوامها، والتمتع بها في غير معصية.
3) It is recommended to ask Allah Almighty for the continuity of His favors and enjoying them in a lawful manner.
4) هذا الذكر ليس بلازم دائماً، وإنما المقصود أنه صلى الله عليه وسلم كان يقول كثيراً.
4) This Dhikr is not required all the time. What is meant here is that the Prophet (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) would often say it.
11/835 ــ وعن أبي هريرة رضي الله عنه قال: قال رسولُ الله صلى الله عليه وسلم: «مَا مِنْ قَوْمِ يَقومُونَ مِنْ مَجْلِسٍ لا يَذْكُرُونَ اللهَ تعالىٰ فِيهِ، إلا قَامُوا عَنْ مِثلِ جِيفَةِ حِمَارٍ، وكانَ لَهُم حَسرَةً».
835/11 - Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Prophet (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) said: “No people leave a gathering in which they do not remember Allah Almighty except that it will be as if they are leaving the carcass of a donkey, and it will be a cause of regret for them.”
رواه أبو داود بإسنادٍ صحيح.
[Narrated by Abu Dāwūd, with an authentic Isnād]
12/836 ــ وعنه عنِ النَّبيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم قال: «مَا جَلَسَ قَومٌ مَجْلِسَاً لم يَذْكُرُوا اللهَ تعالىٰ فِيهِ، ولَمْ يُصَلُّوا علىٰ نَبِيِّهم فِيهِ، إلَّا كانَ عليهِمْ تِرَةٌ، فَإن شَاءَ عَذَّبَهُم، وإن شَاءَ غَفَرَ لَهُم». رواه الترمذي وقال: حديث حسن.
836/12 - He also reported that the Prophet (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) said: “No people sit in an assembly where they do not mention the name of Allah or invoke prayers upon their Prophet but they will regret it. If Allah wills, He will punish them, and if He wills, He will forgive them.” [Narrated by Al-Tirmidhi; and he classified it as Hasan (sound)]
13/837 ــ وعنه عن رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم قال: «مَنْ قَعَدَ مَقْعَداً لم يذكرِ اللهَ تعالىٰ فِيهِ كانَت عليهِ مِنَ الله تِرَةٌ، وَمَنِ اضطَجَعَ مَضْجَعاً لا يَذْكُرُ اللهَ تعالىٰ فِيهِ كانتْ عَلَيْهِ مِنَ الله تِرَةٌ». رواه أبو داود.
837/13 - He also reported that the Prophet (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) said: “Whoever sits in a place where he does not remember Allah, deprivation will descend on him from Allah; and whoever lies down in a place where he does not remember Allah, deprivation will descend on him from Allah.” [Narrated by Abu Dāwūd]
وقد سبق قريباً، وَشَرَحنا «التِّرَةَ» فِيهِ.
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1) علىٰ العبد إذا جلس مجلساً أن يغتنمه بذكر الله _عز وجل_، والصَّلاة علىٰ النَّبيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم، وإلا كان المجلس حسرة عليه.
1) As he attends a gathering, a person should engage in remembrance of Allah and invocation of Allah’s blessings upon His Prophet; otherwise, the gathering will be a source of regret for him.
2) بذكر الله تطيب المجالس وتطمئن القلوب، فذِكْرُ الله غذاء، وذِكْرُ الناس داء.
2) Remembrance of Allah makes gatherings good and hearts tranquil. His remembrance is cure, while the remembrance of people is a malaise.
قال الإمام الحسن البصري في قول الله تعالىٰ {وَمِمَّا رَزَقنَٰهُم يُنفِقُونَ}:
Imam Al-Hasan al-Basri said in his comment on the following verse: {And they spend out of what We have provided for them},
«إن من أعظم النفقة، نفقة العلم» وفي أثر آخر:
“One of the best types of spending is the giving of knowledge.” Another tradition says:
«نعمت العطية، ونعمت الهدية، الكلمة من الخير، يسمعها الرجل فيهديها إلى أخ له مسلم» وفي أثر عن أبي الدرداء: «ما تصدق عبد بصدقة أفضل من موعظة يعظ بها إخواناً له مؤمنين، فيتفرقون وقد نفعهم الله بها». (مجموع الفتاوىٰ).
“The most excellent gift is a good word, which a person hears and then presents to his fellow Muslim.” Abu al-Dardā’ is reported to have said: “No charity would a person give better than admonition that he gives to his fellow believers, who then disperse after receiving this benefit from him.” [Majmū‘ al-Fatāwa]