1/920ــ عن أُمِّ سَلَمة رضي الله عنها قَالَت: قَالَ رَسُولُ الله صلى الله عليه وسلم: «إذَا حَضَرْتُمُ المَريضَ، أو المَيِّتَ، فقُولُوا خَيْراً، فإنَّ الملائكةَ يُؤمِّنونَ عَلَىٰ مَا تَقُولُون» قالتْ: فَلَمّا ماتَ أبُو سلَمَةَ أتيْتُ النَّبيَّ صلى الله عليه وسلم، فقُلْتُ: يارسولَ الله، إنَّ أبَا سَلَمةَ قَدْ مَاتَ، قَالَ: «قُولي: اللّهم اغْفرْ لي وَلَهُ، وأعْقبْني منْهُ عُقبَىٰ حَسَنَةً» فقلتُ، فأعقَبَني اللهُ مَنْ هُوَ خيرٌ لي منْهُ؛ مُحمَّداً صلى الله عليه وسلم. رواه مسلم هكذا: «إذَا حَضَرْتُمُ المَريضَ أو المَيِّتَ» عَلَىٰ الشَّكِّ، ورواه أبو داود وغيره: «المَيِّتَ» بلا شَكّ.
920/1 - Um Salamah (may Allah be pleased with her) reported that the Prophet (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) said: “If you visit a sick or dead person, say good things, for the angels say ‘amen’ to what you say.” She said: “When Abu Salamh died, I went to the Prophet (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) and said: ‘O Messenger of Allah, Abu Salamah died.’ He said: ‘Say: O Allah, forgive me and him, and compensate me well for his loss.’ I said that and Allah compensated me by someone better than him; Muhammad (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him).” [Narrated by Muslim, Abu Dāwūd, and others] The version by Muslim says: “If you visit a sick or a dead person...” (with some degree of doubt regarding the wording) The version by Abu Dāwūd and others says: “If you visit a dead person...” (without any doubt regarding the wording)
2/921ــ وعَنْهَا قالت: سمعْتُ رَسُولَ الله صلى الله عليه وسلم يقول: «مَا مِنْ عَبْدٍ تُصيبُهُ مُصيبةٌ، فيقولُ: إنَّا لله وإنَّا إليْه رَاجعُون؛ اللّهم اُؤْجُرْني في مُصيبَتي، واخْلُفْ لي خَيْراً منْهَا، إلَّا أجَرَهُ اللهُ تَعَالَىٰ في مُصيبَته، وأخْلَفَ لَهُ خَيراً مِنْهَا» قالت: فلمَّا تُوُفِّيَ أبُو سلَمَةَ، قلتُ كما أمَرني رَسُولُ الله صلى الله عليه وسلم، فأخْلَفَ اللهُ لي خَيْراً منْهُ؛ رَسُولَ الله صلى الله عليه وسلم. رواه مسلم.
921/2 - She also reported: I heard the Prophet (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) say: “If a person who is stricken by a calamity says, ‘Inna lillah wa inna ilayhi rāji‘ūn’. Allahumma u’jurni fi musībati wakhluf li khyran minha (Indeed we belong to Allah and indeed to Him we shall return. O Allah, recompense me for my loss and give me something better than it), Allah Almighty will surely recompense him for his loss and will give him what is better than it.” Um Salamah said: “So when Abu Salamah died, I said the same supplication as the Messenger of Allah had commanded me (to do). So, Allah bestowed upon me a better substitute than him: the Messenger of Allah (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him).” [Narrated by Muslim]
أعقبني: عوَّضني.
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1) بركة الدعاء النبوي فالتزام هدي النَّبيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم خير للعبد في الحال والمآل.
1) There is blessing in the Prophet’s supplication. Adherence to his guidance brings good for a person now and in the future.
2) بيان العاقبة الحسنة للصبر عَلَىٰ المصيبة، فاللهُ تَعَالَىٰ يعوّض الصابر خيراً في الدنيا والآخرة.
2) It shows the good outcome of patience and enduring a disaster. Allah Almighty compensates the patient well in this world and in the Hereafter.
3) السُّنَّة عند المصيبة أن نقول: «إنّا لله وإنّا إليه راجعون، اللهم اؤجرني في مصيبتي، واخلف لي خيراً منها» ونهجر ما أحدثه الناس من منكرات الأقوال.
3) According to the Sunnah, we should say at the time of affliction: “Inna lillah wa inna ilayhi rāji‘ūn’. Allahumma u’jurni fi musībati wakhluf li khyran minha” (Indeed we belong to Allah and indeed to Him we shall return. O Allah, recompense me for my loss and give me something better than it). We should give up other wrong phrases which people have newly introduced.
3/922ــ وعن أبي موسىٰ رضي الله عنه أنَّ رَسُولَ الله صلى الله عليه وسلم قَالَ: «إذَا مَاتَ ولدُ العَبد، قَالَ اللهُ لمَلائكَتِهِ: قَبَضْتُم ولدَ عَبْدي، فيقولُون: نَعَم، فيقولُ: قَبَضتُم ثَمَرَةَ فُؤادِهِ، فيقولونَ: نَعَم، فيقُولُ: فماذا قَالَ عبدي؟ فيقولُونَ: حَمَدَكَ واسْترْجَعَ، فيقولُ اللهُ تَعَالَىٰ: ابنُوا لعَبْدي بَيتاً في الجَنَّة، وسَمُّوهُ بيتَ الحَمدِ». رواه الترمذي وقال: حديث حسن.
922/3 - Abu Mūsa (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Prophet (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) said: “When a person’s child dies, Allah Almighty asks His angels: ‘Have you taken out the life of the child of My slave?’ They reply in the affirmative. He then asks: ‘Have you taken the fruit of his heart?’ They reply in the affirmative. Thereupon, He asks: ‘What did My slave say?’ They say: ‘He has praised You and said: Indeed, we belong to Allah and indeed to Him we shall return.’ Allah says: ‘Build a house for My slave in Paradise and name it the House of Praise.’” [Narrated by Al-Tirmidhi; and he classified it as Hasan (sound)]
3/923ــ عن أبي هُرَيْرَةَ رضي الله عنه أنَّ رَسُولَ الله صلى الله عليه وسلم قَالَ: «يَقُولُ اللهُ تَعَالَىٰ: ما لعَبْدي المُؤمِنِ عنْدي جَزَاءٌ إذَا قَبَضْتُ صَفيَّهُ منْ أهل الدُّنْيَا، ثُمَّ احْتَسَبَهُ، إلَّا الجَنَّةَ». رواه البخاري.
923/3 - Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Prophet (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) said: “Allah Almighty says: ‘My reward shall be nothing less than Paradise for My faithful servant who, if I take the life of his beloved one from the inhabitants of the world, bears it patiently in expectation of My reward.’” [Narrated by Al-Bukhāri]
1) إنَّ دوام الحمد عند المصائب والاسترجاع «الحمد لله، إنّا لله وإنّا إليه راجعون» يدل عَلَىٰ صبر العبد عند قضاء الله وقدره.
1) Praising Allah at the time of affliction and saying “praise be to Allah. Indeed, we belong to Allah and indeed to Him we shall return” is a sign of a person’s patience with the fate decreed by his Lord.
2) فضيلة الصبر واحتساب الأجر، لمن مات لَهُ مَن يحبه من الأصفياء.
2) They show the merit of patience and hope for the divine reward upon the death of a loved one.
3) الجَنَّة جزاء الصابرين المحتسبين.
3) Paradise is the reward for those who display patience and pursue the divine reward.
4) إثبات صفة الكلام لله تَعَالَىٰ؛ فاللهُ يكلّم ملائكتَه بما شاء، وكيف شاء، كما ثبتت بذلك الأدلة من كتاب ربِّنا، وسُنّة نبيّنا صلى الله عليه وسلم. والخيرُ كلُّ الخيرِ في التمسك بعقيدة نزل بها الوحي المبين.
4) They confirm the attribute of speech for Allah Almighty. He speaks to the angels saying what He wills in the manner He wills, as established by proofs from the Qur’an and Sunnah. All goodness lies in adherence to the creed received through the clear revelation.
4/924ــ وعن أسامةَ بنِ زيدٍ رضي الله عنهما قَالَ: أرْسلَتْ إحدىٰ بَناتِ النَّبيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم إليه تَدْعُوهُ، وتُخْبرُِهُ أنَّ صبيّاً لها، أو ابْناً، في المَوْتِ، فَقَالَ للرَّسول: «ارْجِعْ إليْها، فأخبرْها أنَّ للهِ تَعَالَىٰ ما أخَذَ وَلَهُ ما أعْطَىٰ، وكُلُّ شيءٍ عنْدَهُ بأجَل مُسَمَّىٰ، فَمُرْهَا، فَلْتَصَبرْ ولْتَحْتَسبْ». وذكر تمام الحديث. متفق عليه.
924/4 - Usāmah ibn Zayd (may Allah be pleased with him and his father) reported: “One of the daughters of the Prophet (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) sent a message to him that her son was dying and asking him to go to her house. The Messenger of Allah (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) said to her messenger: ‘Go back to her and inform her that what Allah takes belongs to Him and what He gives belongs to Him, and everything with Him has a specified term. So command her to be patient and expect the reward...” To the rest of the Hadīth. [Narrated by Al-Bukhāri and Muslim]
1) الحث علىٰ لزوم الدعاء النبوي في التعزية: «إن لله تَعَالَىٰ ما أخذ وإنا لله ما أعطىٰ، وكل شيء عنده بأجل مسمَّىٰ» وهجر ما شاع من بدع الأقوال.
1) We are urged to stick to the Prophetic supplication while offering condolences: “What Allah takes belongs to Him and what He gives belongs to Him, and everything with Him has a specified term.” We should give up the newly introduced phrases which have become common.
2) أحسن شيء في العزاء هو ما ورد من هدي النَّبيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم، وترك ما أحدثه الناس.
2) The best thing to do in offering condolences is to adhere to what is reported from the Prophet (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) and abandon what people have newly introduced in this regard.
3) رحمة النَّبيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم بالأمة، وإرشادهم إلَىٰ الصبر، واحتساب الأجر.
3) The Prophet (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) was merciful towards the Ummah and would instruct them to be patient and expect divine reward.