1/1265ــ عنْ زَيدِ بنِ خالدٍ الجُهَنيِّ رضي الله عنه عَنِ النَّبيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم قالَ: «مَنْ فَطَّرَ صَائماً كانَ لَهُ مِثْلُ أَجْرِهِ، غَيْرَ أَنّهُ لا يَنْقُصُ مِنْ أَجْرِ الصَّائِمِ شيءٌ».
1265/1 - Zayd ibn Khālid al-Juhani (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Prophet (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) said: “He who provides a fasting person something with which to break his fast will earn the same reward as the fasting person, without diminishing the reward of the latter in the least.”
رواهُ الترمذي وقالَ: حديثٌ حسنٌ صحيحٌ.
[Narrated by Al-Tirmidhi; he classified it as Hasan Sahīh (sound and authentic)]
1) الحرص علىٰ إفطار الصائمين للأجر العظيم في ذلك، لاسيما مع حاجة الصائمين وفقرهم.
1) We should be keen to provide fasting people with some food to break their fast, given the great reward for doing so, especially when the fasting people are needy and poor.
2) سعة رحمة الله بعباده، لمّا كتب الأجر كاملاً لمن شارك في باب من أبواب الخير.
2) It shows Allah’s immense mercy, as He records the full reward for someone who only participates in a part of a good deed.
2/1266ــ وعَنْ أُمّ عُمَارَةَ الأنْصارِيَّةِ رضي الله عنها أنَّ النَّبيَّ صلى الله عليه وسلم دَخَلَ عَلَيْها، فَقَدَّمَتْ إلَيْهِ طَعَاماً، فَقَالَ: «كُلِي» فَقَالَتْ: إنِّي صَائِمَةٌ، فقالَ رسولُ الله صلى الله عليه وسلم: «إنَّ الصَّائِمَ تُصَلِّي عَلَيْهِ المَلائِكَةُ إذا أُكِلَ عِنْدَهُ حَتَّىٰ يَفْرُغُوا» وَرُبَّما قالَ: «حَتَّىٰ يَشْبَعُوا». رواهُ الترمذيُّ وقالَ: حديثٌ حسنٌ[3].
1266/2 - Um ‘Umārah al-Ansāriyyah (may Allah be pleased with her) reported that the Prophet (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) visited her, and she served him food. He said: “Eat.” She said: “I am fasting.” Thereupon, he said: “Indeed, the angels invoke Allah’s blessings upon a fasting person in whose place others eat, until they finish.” Or perhaps he said: “until they eat their fill.” [Narrated by Al-Tirmidhi; he classified it as Hasan (sound)] [3]
3/1267 ــ وروىٰ أنسٌ رضي الله عنه أَنَّ النَّبيَّ صلى الله عليه وسلم جَاءَ إلىٰ سَعْدِ بْنِ عُبَادَةَ رضي الله عنه، فَجَاءَ بِخُبْزٍ وَزَيْتٍ، فَأَكَلَ، ثُمَّ قالَ النَّبيُّ صلى الله عليه وسلم: «أَفْطَرَ عِنْدَكُمُ الصَّائِمُونَ، وَأَكَلَ طَعَامَكُمُ الأَبرَارُ، وَصَلَّتْ عَلَيْكُمُ المَلائِكَةُ».
1267/3 - Anas (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Prophet (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) came to visit Sa‘d ibn ‘Ubādah, who brought some bread and oil. The Prophet ate and then said: “May the fasting people break their fast in your house; may the righteous eat your food; and may the angels ask forgiveness and mercy for you!”
رواهُ أبو داود بإسنادٍ صحيحٍ.
[Narrated by Abu Dāwūd, with an authentic Isnād]
1) فضيلة تقديم الطعام للصائم عند فطره، فذلك سببٌ لصلاة الملائكة علىٰ من يطعم الطعام.
1) They show the merit of serving food to a fasting person at the time of breaking the fast. By virtue of doing so, the angels invoke Allah’s blessings and mercy for the host.
2) استحباب الدعاء لمن أفطر عنده الصائمون، وبيان مَا يقول الطاعم في دعائه لمن أطعمه.
2) It is recommended to supplicate for a person who has entertained fasting people. They demonstrate the supplication to be made by the guest for his host.
3) رعاية الشريعة لجانب الآداب، ومكافأة المحسنين، حتىٰ تنشط النفوس علىٰ الخير. فانظر إلىٰ هذا الأدب الرفيع في الدعاء لمن فطّر صائماً!
3) The Shariah pays attention to etiquette and is careful to reward good-doers so that people will feel motivated to do good. A case in point is the refined etiquette of supplication to be said by a fasting person for the host who provided him with food to break his fast.
حديث أم عمارة الأنصارية ضعيف، ويُغني في معناه الحديث الصحيح الذي رواه ابن أبي شيبة عن عبد الله بن عمرو قال: «الصائم إذا أُكل عنده صلَّت عليه الملائكة» وهذا الحديث في حكم المرفوع إلىٰ النَّبيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم، لأن مثل ذلك لا يقوله صحابي بمجرد الرأي، ويشهد لذلك حديث دعاء الضيف: «أفطر عندكم الصائمون، وصلت عليكم الملائكة».
The Hadīth reported by Um ‘Umārah al-Ansāriyyah is inauthentic. Yet there is an authentic Hadīth carrying a similar meaning. It was narrated by Ibn Abi Shaybah that ‘Abdullāh ibn ‘Amr said: “When people eat in the house of a fasting person, the angels send blessings upon him.” This statement is regarded as attributed to the Prophet (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him), because a Companion would not say such things merely on the basis of his personal opinion. This is emphasized by the Hadīth on the supplication to be said by the guest: “May the fasting people break their fast in your house; and may the angels ask forgiveness and mercy for you!”