قال الله تعالىٰ إخباراً عن العبدِ الصّالحِ: {وَأُفَوِّضُ أَمرِيٓ إِلَى ٱللَّهِ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ بَصِيرُ بِٱلعِبَادِ * فَوَقَىٰهُ ٱللَّهُ سَئَِّاتِ مَا مَكَرُواْۖ} [غافر: 44 ـ 45].
In the Qur’an, the righteous servant is quoted as saying: {“And I entrust my affair to Allah. Indeed, Allah is All-Seeing of the servants.” So Allah protected him from the evils they plotted} [Ghāfir: 44-45]
1) تفويض الأمر إلىٰ الله تعالىٰ علامة صحة التوكل.
1) When a person entrusts his affairs to Allah Almighty, this is a sign of his true reliance upon his Lord.
2) مَنْ فَوَّضَ أمره إلىٰ مولاه، كفاه الله حاجته وأغناه.
2) Whoever entrusts his affairs to his Lord, He will suffice him and fulfill his needs.
1/440 ــ وعن أبي هريرةَ رضي الله عنه عن رسولِ الله صلى الله عليه وسلم أنَّهُ قال: «قال الله _عز وجل_: أنَا عِنْدَ ظَنِّ عَبْدي بي، وأنا مَعَهُ حَيْثُ يَذكُرُني، وَاللهِ لَلهُ أَفْرَحُ بتَوْبَةِ عَبْدِهِ مِنْ أَحَدِكُمْ يَجِدُ ضَالَّتَهُ بِالْفَلاةِ، وَمَنْ تَقَرَّبَ إلَيَّ شِبْراً تَقَرَّبْتُ إلَيه ذراعاً، وَمَنْ تَقَرَّبَ إلَيَّ ذِراعاً تَقَرَّبْتُ إليه بَاعاً، وإذا أَقْبَلَ إلَيَّ يَمْشي أَقبَلتُ إلَيه أُهَرْوِلُ». متفق عليه، وهذا لفظ إحدىٰ رِوايات مسلم. وتقدَّم شرحُهُ في الباب قبله.
440/1 - Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Prophet (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) said: “Allah Almighty said: ‘I am just as My slave thinks of Me, and I am with him where he remembers Me.’ By Allah, Allah is happier with the repentance of His slave than one of you who finds his lost camel in the desert. (Allah said:): ‘He who comes closer to Me one span, I come closer to him one cubit; and he who comes closer to Me one cubit, I come closer to him one fathom; and if he comes to Me walking, I come to him running.’” [Narrated by Al-Bukhāri and Muslim] This wording is one of the versions narrated by Muslim. It has already been explained in the previous chapter.
وروي في الصحيحين: «وأنا معه حينَ يَذْكُرُني» بالنون، وفي هذه الرواية «حَيْثُ» بالثاء، وكلاهما صحيح.
In a version narrated by Al-Bukhāri and Muslim: “And I am with him when he remembers me.” In this version: “And I am with him where he remembers me.” Both are correct.
1) الحث علىٰ حسن الظنَ بالله تعالىٰ، ورجاء رحمته، والمبادرة إلىٰ التوبة، والتقرب إليه بالطاعات.
1) The Hadīth urges people to think well of their Lord, hope for His mercy, and hasten to repent to Him and draw close to Him through pious acts.
2) إن حسن الظن بالله، معناه: أن ترجو ما عند الله ولو كان غائباً، وأن تقطع تَعَلُّقَك بما عندك وعند الخلق ولو كان موجوداً.
2) Positive thinking about Allah Almighty means that we hope for what is with Him even though it belongs to the realm of the Unseen, and that we do not get attached to what we and other people have even though it exists in this world.
متىٰ يكون العبد محسناً الظن بالله _عز وجل_؟
When can a person be regarded as thinking well about Allah Almighty?
يكون ذلك إذا فعل مايوجب فضل الله ورحمته؛ فيعمل الصالحات، ويُحسن الظن بأن الله تعالىٰ يقبلها، أما أن تحسن الظن وأنت لا تعمل، أو تحسن الظن مع مبادرتك له بالعصيان، فهذا دأب العاجزين المفلسين البطَّالين.
This is the case when he does what makes him deserving of Allah’s grace and mercy, by performing good deeds and feeling hopeful that Allah will accept them. But positive thinking coupled with lack of action or even commission of sins is only the way of the idle bankrupt incompetent ones.
2/441 ــ وعن جابرِ بنِ عبدِ الله رضي الله عنه أَنَّهُ سمعَ النَّبيَّ صلى الله عليه وسلم قَبْلَ مَوْتِهِ بثلاثَةِ أَيَّامٍ يقولُ: «لاَ يمُوتَنَّ أحَدُكُم إلَّا وَهُوَ يُحْسِنُ الظَّنَّ بالله _عز وجل_». رواه مسلم.
441/2 - Jābir ibn ‘Abdullāh (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that he heard the Prophet (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him), three days before his death, say: “Let none of you die without having good expectations of Allah Almighty.” [Narrated by Muslim]
لا يموتن: أيْ: لِيَحْرِصْ ألاّ يأتيه الموت إلاّ وهو علىٰ هذه الحالة.
“Let none of you die” means: Everyone should be keen not to die except in this state.
1) علىٰ العبد أن يحسن الظن بالله سبحانه وتعالىٰ، ولكن مع فعل الأسباب التي توجب ذلك؛ من صدق الاعتقاد، وتحسين العمل، ولزوم سُنَّة النَّبيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم.
1) A person should think well of Allah Almighty while doing the things that confirm this, like having sincere beliefs, doing good deeds, and adherence to the Sunnah of the Prophet (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him).
2) حرص النَّبيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم علىٰ إرشاد أمته، وشدة رأفته بالمؤمنين في جميع أحواله، حتىٰ وهو في مرض موته ينصح لأمته.
2) The Prophet (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) was keen to guide his Ummah, and he showed intense compassion towards the believers in all his situations, even while on his death bed.
3) الحث علىٰ الرجاء، ولاسيّما عند الموت؛ لأن الرجاء في هذه الحالة من أحسن حال العبد.
3) We are urged to be hopeful, especially at the time of death, for hope in this situation is the best condition for a person.
3/442 ــ وعن أنس ٍرضي الله عنه قال: سمعتُ رسولَ الله صلى الله عليه وسلم يقول: «قال الله تعالىٰ: يَا ابْنَ آدَمَ، إنَّكَ مَا دَعَوْتَني وَرَجَوْتَني غَفَرْتُ لَكَ عَلىٰ مَا كَانَ مِنكَ وَلا أُبَالي، يَا ابْنَ آدَمَ، لَوْ بَلَغَتْ ذُنُوبُكَ عَنَانَ السماءِ، ثم اسْتَغْفَرْتَني غَفَرتُ لَكَ وَلا أُبالي، يَا ابْنَ آدَمَ، إنَّكَ لَوْ أَتَيْتَني بِقُرابِ الأرضِ خطايا، ثُمَّ لَقَيْتَني لا تُشْرِكُ بي شَيْئاً لأتيْتُكَ بِقُرَابِهَا مَغْفِرَةً». رواه الترمذي. وقال: حديث حسن.
442/3 - Anas (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: I heard the Prophet (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) say: “Allah Almighty said: ‘O son of Adam, so long as you call upon Me and ask of Me, I shall forgive you for what you have done, and I shall not mind. O son of Adam, were your sins to reach the clouds of the sky and were you then to ask forgiveness of Me, I shall forgive you, and I shall not mind. O son of Adam, were you to come to Me with sins nearly as great as the earth and were you then to meet Me, ascribing no partner to Me, I shall bring you forgiveness nearly as great as it.’” [Narrated by Al-Tirmidhi and he classified it as Hasan (sound)]
«عَنَانُ السَّماءِ» بفتح العين، قيل: هو ما عَنَّ لَك منها، أَي: ظَهَرَ إذَا رفعْتَ رَأْسَكَ، وقيلَ: هو السَّحَاب. «وقُرَاب الأرض» بضم القاف، وقيلَ بكسرِها، والضمّ أصح وأشهر، وهو: ما يُقارِبُ مِلأهَا، والله أعلم.
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1) سعة فضل الله _عز وجل_ وكرمه؛ فإن رحمته وسعت كل شيء، وما خلق الله الخلق إلا ليرحمهم بعبوديتهم إياه، لا ليعذبهم.
1) It shows the vastness of Allah’s grace and bounty, as His mercy encompasses all things. He only created mankind to show mercy to them through their servitude to Him, not to punish them.
2) الحث علىٰ الاستغفار والدعاء والرجاء من الله سبحانه، فهذه من صفات المؤمنين.
2) It urges us to seek the forgiveness of Allah, supplicate Him, and hope for His mercy. This is a trait of the believers.
3) فضل التوحيد، وبيان أنه من أعظم مكفرات الذنوب.
3) It points out the merit of Tawhīd and that it is one of the greatest means for expiating sins.