1/1033ــ عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ رضي الله عنه أَنَّ رَسُولَ الله صلى الله عليه وسلم قَالَ: لَوْ يَعْلَمُ النَّاسُ ما في النِّدَاءِ والصَّفِّ الأَوَّلِ، ثُمَّ لَمْ يَجِدُوا إلَّا أَنْ يَسْتَهِمُوا عَلَيْهِ لاسْتَهَمُوا عَلَيْهِ، ولَوْ يَعْلَمُونَ ما في التَّهْجِيرِ لاسْتبَقُوا إلَيْهِ، وَلَوْ يَعْلَمُونَ ما في العَتَمَةِ والصُّبْحِ لأَتَوهُمَا وَلَو حَبْواً». متفق عليه.
1033/1 - Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Prophet (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) said: “Were people to know the blessing of announcing the Adhān (call to prayer) and standing in the first row, they would even draw lots to secure these privileges. And were they to realize the reward of performing prayer early, they would race for it; and were they to know the merits of the ‘Ishā’ (night) and Fajr (dawn) prayers, they would come to them even if they had to crawl.” [Narrated by Al-Bukhāri and Muslim]
«الاسْتِهَامُ»: الاقْتراعُ، و«التَّهْجِيرُ»: التَّبْكِيرُ إلىٰ الصَّلاةِ.
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النداء: الأذان.
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العتمة: صلاة العشاء.
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1) فضيلة الأذان؛ فهو من أفضل الأعمال لما فيه من النفع العام، من تعظيم الله تعالىٰ بالتوحيد، ودعوة النَّاس إلىٰ أعظم العبادات.
1) It shows the merit of Adhān, which is one of the best acts given the general interest it serves: It extols Allah Almighty by declaring His oneness and calls people to the greatest act of worship.
2) الأذان أفضل من الإمامة، قَالَ العلماء: لأنه اشتمل علىٰ توحيد الله تعالىٰ، والشهادة للرسول بالرسالة، وهذا يبين لنا عِظَم الدعوة إلىٰ التوحيد، والاتباع.
2) Announcing the Adhān is better than leading people in prayer. This, the scholars said, stems from the fact that the Adhān comprises proclamation of the oneness of Allah and the testimony that Muhammad is His Messenger. This highlight the great significance of the call to Tawhīd (monotheism) and Ittibā‘ (following the Sunnah of the Prophet, may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him).
3) الترغيب بالمنافسة بين المؤمنين في القُرَب والطاعات ، فعلىٰ المؤمن أن يغتنم فرص الخير والطاعة، ومن ذلك شأن المبادرة إلى الأذان.
3) It encourages the believers to compete with one another over acts of worship and piety. A believer should seize the opportunities of goodness and worship, one of which is keenness to proclaim the Adhān.
2/1034ــ عَنْ معاويةَ رضي الله عنه قَالَ: سمعْتُ رَسُولَ الله صلى الله عليه وسلم يقولُ: «المؤذِّنُون أطوَلُ النَّاسِ أعناقاً يومَ القيامةِ». رواه مسلم.
1034/2 - Mu‘āwiyah (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: I heard the Prophet (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) say: “The Muezzins (those who call to prayer) will have the longest necks on the Day of Judgment.” [Narrated by Muslim]
1) المؤذنون أطول النَّاس أعناقاً يوم الحساب، يُعرفون بذلك تعريفاً بفضلهم وإظهاراً لشرفهم.
1) Muezzins will have the longest necks amongst people on the Day of Judgment, in honor and recognition of their merit.
2) الجزاء من جنس العمل؛ فرؤوس المؤذِّنين تعلو يوم القيامة، لأنهم أعلَوْا توحيد الله تعالىٰ في الأرض.
2) Recompense for a deed should be of the same nature of the deed. So, Muezzins’ heads will be raised high on the Day of Judgment, because they raised the oneness of Allah Almighty on earth.
3/1035 ــ وعَنْ عَبْدِ الله بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمن بْنِ أَبِي صَعْصَعَةَ، أَنَّ أَبَا سَعِيدٍ الخُدْرِيَّ رضي الله عنه قَالَ لَهُ: «إنِّي أَرَاكَ تُحبُّ الْغَنَمَ وَالْبَادِيَةَ، فَإذَا كُنْتَ في غَنَمِكَ ــ أَوْ بَادِيَتِكَ ــ فَأَذَّنْتَ للصَّلاةِ، فَارْفَعْ صَوْتَكَ بالنِّدَاءِ، فَإنَّهُ لاَ يَسْمَعُ مَدَىٰ صَوْتِ المُؤَذِّنِ جِنٌّ وَلا إنْسٌ وَلا شَيْءٌ، إلَّا شَهِدَ لَهُ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ» قال أبو سعيدٍ: سَمِعْتُهُ مِنْ رَسُولِ الله. رواه البخاري.
1035/3 - ‘Abdullāh ibn ‘Abd al-Rahmān ibn Abi Sa‘sa‘ah reported: Abu Sa‘īd al-Khudri (may Allah be pleased with him) said to me: “I see that you like sheep and wilderness. So whenever you are with your sheep - or in the wilderness - and you want to call the Adhān, raise your voice with it , for whoever hears the voice of the Muezzin, whether it be a human being, a jinn, or anything else, they will testify in his favor on the Day of Judgment.” Abu Sa‘īd said: “I heard this from the Messenger of Allah.” [Narrated by Al-Bukhāri]
مدىٰ صوت المؤذن: غاية الصوت.
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1) الحيوانات، بل وحتىٰ الجمادات، تشهد للمؤذن يوم القيامة، وهذا من فضل الأذان وشرفه.
1) Animals and even inanimate objects will testify in favor of the Muezzin on the Day of Judgment, which points out the merit and honor of the Adhān.
2) استحباب الأذان عند حضور الصَّلاة.
2) It is recommended to announce the Adhān when the time of prayer comes.
3) استحباب رفع الصوت في الأذان، وأن يكون المؤذن قوي الصوت.
3) It is recommended to raise the voice with the Adhān and that the Muezzin to have a strong voice.
4/1036ــ عَنْ أبي هُرَيْرَةَ رضي الله عنه قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ الله صلى الله عليه وسلم: «إذَا نُودِيَ بالصَّلاةِ أدبَرَ الشَّيطانُ، لَهُ ضُراطٌ حَتَّىٰ لا يَسْمَعَ التَّأذينَ، فإذا قُضيَ النِّداءُ أقبَلَ، حَتَّىٰ إذَا ثُوِّبَ للصَّلاة أدْبَرَ، حَتَّىٰ إذَا قُضيَ التَّثويبُ أقْبَلَ، حَتَّىٰ يخْطرَ بينَ المَرْء ونفسه، يقولُ: اذْكُرْ كَذا، واذْكُرْ كذا، لما لَمْ يَكُنْ يَذْكُرْ من قبلُ، حَتَّىٰ يظَلَّ الرَّجُل مَا يَدْري كَمْ صَلَّىٰ». متفق عليه.
1036/4 - Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Prophet (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) said: “When the Adhān (call to prayer) is announced, the devil takes to his heels and breaks wind with noise so as not to hear the Adhān. When the Adhān is over, he returns. When the Iqāmah (second call to prayer) is announced, he takes to his heels, and after it is over, he returns again to distract the attention of the worshiper and make him remember things which were not on his mind before the prayer, saying: ‘Remember such-and-such, and remember such-and-such,’ until the worshiper forgets how many Rak‘ahs (units of prayer) he has performed.” [Narrated by Al-Bukhāri and Muslim]
يخْطِر: يوسوس.
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1) بيان فضل الأذان، فهو مطردة للشيطان.
1) It shows the merit of Adhān, as it drives the devil away.
2) حرص الشيطان علىٰ صرف المؤمن عن التفكر بالطاعة، فالواجب علىٰ العبد مجاهدة الشيطان، والاستعاذة من وساوسه، وذلك بصدق اللجوء إلىٰ الله تعالىٰ.
2) The devil is keen to distract the believer from focusing on worship. Therefore, the worshiper should struggle against the devil and sincerely seek refuge with Allah from his insinuations.
5/1037ــ وَعَنْ عَبْدِ الله بْنِ عَمْرِو بْنِ العَاصِ رضي الله عنهما أنه سَمعَ رسُولَ الله صلى الله عليه وسلم يَقُولُ: «إذا سَمِعْتُمُ المُؤَذِّنَ فَقُولُوا مِثْلَ مَا يَقُولُ، ثُمَّ صَلُّوا عَلَيَّ، فَإنَّهُ مَنْ صلَّىٰ عَلَيَّ صلاةً صَلَّىٰ اللهُ عَلَيْهِ بِهَا عَشْراً، ثُمَّ سَلُوا اللهَ لِيَ الْوَسِيلَةَ، فَإنَّهَا مَنْزِلَةٌ في الجَنَّةِ لا تَنْبَغِي إلَّا لِعَبْدٍ مِنْ عِبَادِ اللهِ وَأَرْجُو أَنْ أَكُونَ أَنا هُوَ، فَمَنْ سَأَلَ لِيَ الوَسِيلَةَ حَلَّتْ لَهُ الشَّفَاعَةُ». رواه مسلم.
1037/5 - ‘Abdullāh ibn ‘Amr ibn al-‘Ās (may Allah be pleased with him and his father) reported that the Messenger of Allah (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) said: “When you hear the Muezzin, say the same as he says and then invoke Allah’s peace and blessings upon me, for whoever invokes Allah’s peace and blessings upon me once will receive peace and blessings from Allah ten times in return. Then, ask Allah to grant me the Wasīlah, which is a rank in Paradise that only one slave of Allah may attain, and I hope that I would be that slave. Whoever asks Allah to grant me the Wasīlah will be entitled to receive intercession.” [Narrated by Muslim]
6/1038ــ عَنْ أبي سعيد الخُدْريّ رضي الله عنه أنَّ رَسُولَ الله صلى الله عليه وسلم قَالَ: «إذَا سمعْتُمُ النِّداءَ فقُولُوا كَمَا يقولُ المُؤذِّنُ». متفق عليه.
1038/6 - Abu Sa‘īd al-Khudri (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Messenger of Allah (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) said: “When you hear the Adhān, say the same as the Muezzin says.” [Narrated by Al-Bukhāri and Muslim]
7/1039ــ وَعَنْ جَابِرٍ رضي الله عنه أَنَّ رَسُولَ الله صلى الله عليه وسلم قَالَ: «مَنْ قَالَ حِينَ يَسْمَعُ النِّدَاءَ: اللّهم رَبَّ هذِهِ الدَّعْوَةِ التَّامَّةِ، وَالصَّلاةِ الْقَائِمَةِ، آتِ مُحَمَّداً الوَسِيلَةَ وَالْفَضِيلَةَ، وَابْعَثْهُ مَقَاماً مَحْمُوداً الَّذِي وَعَدْتَه، حَلَّتْ لَهُ شَفَاعَتي يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ». رواه البخاري.
1039/7 - Jābir (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Prophet (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) said: “Whoever says upon hearing the Adhān, ‘Allahumma rabba hadhihi ad-da‘wah at-tāmah was-salāh al-qā’imah āti Muhammadan al-wasīlah wal-fadīlah wab‘athhu maqāman mahmūdan alladhi wa‘adtah’ (O Allah, Lord of this perfect call and prayer that is to be offered, grant Muhammad the Wasīlah and merit and resurrect him to the praiseworthy station that You have promised him), he will definitely be granted my intercession on the Day of Judgment.” [Narrated by Al-Bukhāri]
8/1040 ــ وَعَنْ سَعْدِ بْنِ أَبي وَقَّاصٍ رضي الله عنه عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم أَنَّهُ قَالَ: «مَنْ قَالَ حِينَ يَسْمَع المُؤَذِّنَ: أَشْهَدُ أَنْ لا إلهَ إلَّا اللهُ وحْدَهُ لا شَرِيكَ لَهُ، وَأَنَّ مُحَمَّداً عَبْدُهُ وَرَسُولُهُ، رَضِيتُ بالله ربّاً، وَبِمُحَمَّدٍ رَسُولاً، وَبالإسْلامِ دِيناً، غُفِرَ لَهُ ذَنْبُهُ». رواه مسلم.
1040/8 - Sa‘d ibn Abi Waqqās (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Prophet (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) said: “Whoever says when he hears the Muezzin, ‘Ashhadu an la ilaha illa Allah wahdahu la sharika lah, wa anna Muhammadan ‘abduhu wa rasūluh. Radītu billāhi rabban wa bi-Muhammadin rasūlan wa bil-Islāmi dīna’ (I bear witness that there is no god but Allah alone without any partner, and that Muhammad is His slave and messenger. I am pleased with Allah as a Lord, with Muhammad as a Messenger, and with Islam as a religion), his sins shall be forgiven.” [Narrated by Muslim]
اشتملت الأحاديث علىٰ عدد من السنن المأثورة والآداب الشرعية في الأذان، وهي:
The above Hadīths include a number of reported Sunnahs and etiquettes related to the Adhān, as follows:
1) إجابة المؤذن، بترديد مَا يقوله المؤذن، إلَّا في قوله: «حي علىٰ الصَّلاة..» «حي علىٰ الفلاح» فنقول كلمة الاستعانة: «لا حول ولا قوة إلَّا بالله»، أي عزمنا علىٰ الإجابة بالاستعانة بك ياربِّ.
1) We should respond to the Muezzin by repeating what he says, except in the phrases “Hayy ‘ala as-salāh, hayy ‘ala al-falāh” (come to prayer; come to success), where we should respond with: “La hawla wa la quwwata illa billah” (There is no power nor strength except through Allah). In other words, we resolve to respond to the call by virtue of Your help, O Lord.
2) استحباب الصَّلاة علىٰ رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم عند الفراغ من الأذان مباشرة.
2) It is recommended to invoke Allah’s peace and blessings upon the Prophet immediately after the Adhān is over.
3) سؤال الوسيلة لرسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم، وهي أعلىٰ درجة في الجنة، والدعاء له أن يبعثه الله مقاماً محموداً يحمده عليه الخلق كلهم، وهو مقام الشفاعة يوم القيامة.
3) We should ask Allah Almighty to grant the Prophet (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) the Wasīlah, which is the highest rank in Paradise, and to resurrect him to a praiseworthy station which all the creation will praise him for - and that is the station of intercession on the Day of Judgment.
4) إن المحافظة علىٰ هذه السنن سبب لغفران الذنوب، وسبب لنيل شفاعة الرسول صلى الله عليه وسلم.
4) Observing these Sunnahs regularly is a means for expiation of sins and winning the Prophet’s intercession.
9/1041ــ عَنْ أنس رضي الله عنه قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ الله صلى الله عليه وسلم: «الدُّعَاءُ لا يُردُّ بينَ الأذَانِ والإقَامَة». رواه أبو داود والترمذي وقال: حديث حسن.
1041/9 - Anas (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Messenger of Allah (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) said: “Supplication between the Adhān and the Iqāmah is not rejected.” [Narrated by Abu Dāwūd and Al-Tirmidhi, who classified it as Hasan (sound)]
1) اغتنام الأوقات الفاضلة عند الدعاء.
1) It encourages us to seek virtuous times for supplication.
2) بيان أدب الدعاء، وهو أن يقدم العبد قبله المحامد، والصلاة والسلام علىٰ الرسول صلى الله عليه وسلم، فإنه أرجىٰ للإجابة؛ فانظر كيف يُستحَب للسامع أن يجيب المؤذن، وهذا نوعٌ من الثناء علىٰ الله تبارك وتعالىٰ، ثُمَّ يصلِّي علىٰ رَسُول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم، ويسأل اللهَ لَهُ الوسيلة، فيكون ذلك أحرىٰ لإجابة دعائه بعد الأذان.
2) It points out the etiquette related to supplication. Before making supplication, a person should praise Allah Almighty and invoke His blessings upon the Prophet, which makes the supplication more likely to be answered. It is recommended for the person who hears the Adhān to repeat after the Muezzin, which is a kind of praise to Allah Almighty, after which he should invoke Allah’s blessings upon the Prophet and implore Him to grant the Prophet the Wasīlah. This makes the supplication after the Adhān more likely to be answered.
لمّا كان الأذان من ذكر الله تعالىٰ المأثور في السنة النبوية، اعتنىٰ العلماء في المذاهب الفقهية كلها بضبط ألفاظه، واتفقوا علىٰ أن الأذان ينتهي عند قول المؤذن في آخره: «لا إله إلا الله».
As the Adhān is part of the Dhikr reported in the Sunnah, the scholars devoted great attention to determining its words and phrases, and they agreed that the Adhān ends with the phrase “La ilaha illa Allah” (there is no god but Allah).
وما ورد في الأحاديث المتقدمة من الصلاة علىٰ رسول الله وسؤال الوسيلة له فإنما هو من سنن الأذان التابعة له، ولا يجوز الجهر بها حتىٰ تصير كأنها من الأذان، فهدي النَّبيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم الذي فُعِل في زمانه أنه كان يُؤذَّن، ثم يصلِّي المؤذِّن والسامعون علىٰ رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم سرّاً، ومن فعل خلاف ذلك فقد خالف السنة النبوية، وخرج عن مذاهب الأئمة، فَلْيحذرِ المؤذِّنون من مخالفة الهدي النبوي، وَلْيحرصُوا علىٰ لزوم السنة، فإنها خير وبركة.
Invoking Allah’s blessings upon the Prophet and asking Him to grant him the Wasīlah, as reported in the preceding Hadīths, is among the Sunnahs associated with the Adhān. It is not permissible to say it loudly lest it becomes regarded as part of the Adhān. The Prophet’s guidance, observed during his lifetime, is that the Adhān would be announced, after which the Muezzin and those who heard him would invoke Allah’s blessings upon the Prophet inaudibly. Whoever acts otherwise has contradicted the Sunnah and departed from the views of the leading scholars in this regard. Muezzins should be careful to adhere to the Sunnah and not to swerve from it, for it involves all goodness and blessing.