قالَ الله تَعَالىٰ: {وَلَا تَجَسَّسُواْ} [الحجرات: 12] ، وقالَ تَعَالىٰ: {وَٱلَّذِينَ يُؤذُونَ ٱلمُؤمِنِينَ وَٱلمُؤمِنَٰتِ بِغَيرِ مَا ٱكتَسَبُواْ فَقَدِ ٱحتَمَلُواْ بُهتَٰنا وَإِثما مُّبِينا} [الأحزاب: 58].
Allah Almighty says: {Do not spy on one another} [Surat al-Hujurāt: 12] He also says: {Those who abuse believing men and women for something they did not commit, they will bear the burden of slander and flagrant sin.} [Surat al-Ahzāb: 58]
التجسس: تتبع عيوب الناس، والسعي في كشفها.
Spying: pursuing people's faults, and seeking to disclose them.
1) النهي عن تتبع عورات المسلمين، لأنه من الكبائر.
1) It is forbidden to pursue the private matters of Muslims as it is one of the major sins.
2) إن قصد الاستماع لحديث الناس ــ وهم كارهون ــ من الأذية العظيمة التي نهىٰ الله تعالىٰ عنها.
2) Intentional listening to others’ talk – while they dislike this – is a form of great harm that Allah has forbidden.
1/1570 ــ وعن أبي هُرَيْرَةَ رضي الله عنه أنَّ رَسُولَ الله صلى الله عليه وسلم قَالَ: «إيَّاكُمْ وَالظَّنَّ، فَإنَّ الظَّنَّ أَكْذَبُ الحَدِيثِ، وَلا تَحَسَّسُوا، وَلا تَجَسَّسُوا، وَلا تنَافَسُوا، وَلا تَحَاسَدُوا، وَلا تَبَاغَضُوا، وَلا تَدَابَرُوا، وَكُونُوا عِبَادَ الله إِخْوَاناً كَمَا أَمَرَكُمُ. المُسْلِمُ أَخُو المُسْلِمِ، لا يَظْلِمُهُ، وَلا يَخْذُلُهُ، وَلا يَحْقِرُهُ، التَّقْوَىٰ ههُنا، التَّقْوَىٰ ههنا» وَيُشِيرُ إلىٰ صَدْرِهِ «بِحَسْبِ امرئٍ مِنَ الشَّرِّ أَنْ يَحْقِرَ أَخَاهُ المُسلِمَ، كُلُّ المُسلِمِ عَلىٰ المُسْلِمِ حَرَامٌ: دَمُهُ، وَعِرْضُهُ، وَمَالُهُ، إنَّ اللهَ لا يَنْظُرُ إلىٰ أَجْسَادِكُم، وَلا إلىٰ صُوَرِكُمْ، ولكِنْ يَنْظُرُ إلىٰ قُلُوبِكُم وأَعْمَالِكُمْ».
1570/1 - Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Prophet (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) said: “Beware of suspicion, for suspicion is the most untrue speech. Do not look for the faults of one another, do not spy on one another, do not compete against one another, do not envy one another, do not harbor hatred for one another, do not shun one another, and be, O slaves of Allah, brothers to one another as He commanded you. A Muslim is the brother of a Muslim. He should neither oppress him nor fail him nor humiliate him. Piety is here! Piety is here!” While saying so he pointed to his chest. “It is enough evil for a Muslim to look down upon his Muslim brother. All things of a Muslim are inviolable to his brother in faith: his blood, his wealth, and his honor. Verily, Allah does not look to your bodies nor to your images but He looks to your hearts and your deeds.”
وفي روايةٍ: «لا تَحَاسَدُوا، وَلا تَبَاغَضُوا، وَلا تَجَسَّسُوا، وَلا تَحَسَّسُوا، وَلا تَنَاجَشُوا، وَكُونُوا عِبَادَ الله إخْوَاناً».
Another narration reads: “Do not envy one another, do not harbor hatred for one another, do not spy on one another, do not search for the faults of one another, do not commit Najsh (artificially inflating the price) against one another, and be, O slaves of Allah, brothers.”
وفي روايةٍ: «لا تَقَاطَعُوا، وَلاَ تَدَابَرُوا، وَلاَ تَبَاغَضُوا، وَلاَ تَحَاسَدُوا، وَكُونُوا عِبَادَ الله إخْوَاناً».
According to another narration: “Do not sever ties with one another, do not turn your backs on one another, do not harbor hatred for one another, do not envy one another, and be, O slaves of Allah, brothers.”
وفي روايةٍ: «لا تَهَاجَرُوا، وَلا يَبعْ بَعْضُكُم عَلَىٰ بَيْعِ بَعْضٍ».
In another narration: “Do not desert one another, and do not enter into a transaction which is already concluded with someone else.”
رواه مسلم بكلِّ هذه الروايات، وروىٰ البخاريُّ أكثَرَها.
[All these versions were narrated by Muslim, and most of them were narrated by Al-Bukhāri]
لا تحسسوا: التحسس: أن يطلب الخبر لنفسه، وقيل معناه: الاستماع لحديث قوم وهم كارهون.
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يخذله: يترك نصرته وإعانته.
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التناجش: الزيادة في سعر السلعة ليوهم غيره ويخدعه.
Najsh or Tanājush: bidding to raise the price without the intention to buy (to artificially inflate the price) in order to cheat others.
1) التحذير الشديد من الوقوع في دماء المسلمين، وأعراضهم، وأموالهم.
1) A severe warning against violating the sanctity of Muslims’ blood, honor, and wealth.
2) تحريم التجسس والتحسس وكل ما يفرق بين المؤمنين.
2) Prohibiting spying and eavesdropping, and anything that sows disunity among the believers.
3) صلاح الأعمال من صلاح القلوب والنيات، فاحرصْ علىٰ دوام الإخلاص في جميع أقوالك، وأفعالك، وأحوالك.
3) Good deeds are the outcome of having good hearts and intentions, So, be keen on having sincerity in all your words, deeds, and affairs.
2/1571 ــ وعن مُعاويةَ رضي الله عنه قَالَ: سمعتُ رَسُولَ الله صلى الله عليه وسلم يقُولُ: «إنَّكَ إن اتَّبعْتَ عَوْرَاتِ المُسْلمينَ أفْسَدْتَهُمْ، أوْ كدْتَ أن تُفْسدَهُم». حديثٌ صحيحٌ رواهُ أبو داود بإسنادٍ صحيحٍ.
1571/2- Mu‘āwiyah (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: I heard the Prophet (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) say: “If you pursue the faults of the Muslims, you will surely corrupt them, or you will nearly corrupt them.” [Narrated by Abu Dāwūd with an authentic Isnād; Sahīh (authentic)]
1) التحذير من التجسس علىٰ عورات المسلمين، فإنه سبب في انتشار الفساد بينهم.
1) The Hadīth warns against spying on the Muslims for the purpose of pursuing their faults as this causes the spread of corruption between them.
2) من محاسن الشريعة الإسلامية أنها حذّرت من كل ما يجلب الفساد بين المسلمين.
2) One of the positive aspects of the Islamic Shariah is that it warns against all that brings about corruption between Muslims.
3/1572 ــ وعن ابن مسعود رضي الله عنه أنَّهُ أُتيَ برَجُلٍ، فقيلَ لهُ: هذا فُلانٌ تَقْطُرُ لحيَتُهُ خَمراً، فقال: إنَّا قَدْ نُهينَا عَن التَّجَسُّس، ولكنْ إن يَظهَرْ لَنَا شيءٌ نأخُذْ به. حديثٌ حسنٌ صحيح.
1572/3- A man was brought to Ibn Mas‘ūd (may Allah be pleased with him) and it was said: “This is so-and-so, and his beard is dripping with wine.” Thereupon he said: “Verily, we have been forbidden from spying; but if something is evident (i.e. if a sin is committed openly), we will act upon it.”
رواه أبو داود بإسنادٍ علىٰ شرط البخاري ومسلم.
[Narrated by Abu Dāwūd with an Isnād that meets the conditions of Al-Bukhāri and Muslim]
1) من جاء بدعوىٰ علىٰ غيره ــ متجسساً عليه فيها ــ فإنه لا تقبل دعواه.
1) If someone makes a claim against another, basing it upon spying, his claim is rejected.
2) الحث علىٰ الستر علىٰ صاحب المعصية، غير المجاهر بها، حتىٰ يتوب منها.
2) The Hadīth encourages concealing the sinner who does not commit sin in public to give him a chance to repent of it.