قَالَ الله تَعَالىٰ: {وَٱلَّذِينَ يُؤذُونَ ٱلمُؤمِنِينَ وَٱلمُؤمِنَٰتِ بِغَيرِ مَا ٱكتَسَبُواْ فَقَدِ ٱحتَمَلُواْ بُهتَٰنا وَإِثما مُّبِينا} [الأحزاب: 58].
Allah Almighty says: {Those who abuse believing men and women for something they did not commit, they will bear the burden of slander and flagrant sin.} [Surat Al-Ahzāb: 58]
1/1579 ــ وعن أبي هُرَيْرَةَ رضي الله عنه أنَّ رَسُولَ الله صلى الله عليه وسلم قَالَ: «مَنْ حَمَلَ عَلَيْنَا السِّلاَحَ فَلَيْسَ مِنَّا، وَمَنْ غَشَّنَا فَلَيْسَ مِنَّا». رواه مسلم.
1579/1 - Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Messenger of Allah (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) said: “Whoever carries a weapon against us is not one of us, and whoever cheats us is not one of us.” [Narrated by Muslim]
وفي رِوَايَةٍ لَهُ أَنَّ رَسُولَ الله صلى الله عليه وسلم مَرَّ عَلَىٰ صُبْرَةِ طَعَامٍ، فَأَدْخَلَ يَدَهُ فِيهَا، فَنَالَتْ أَصَابِعُهُ بَلَلاً، فَقَالَ: «مَا هذَا يَا صَاحِبَ الطَّعَامِ ؟» قَالَ: أَصَابَتْهُ السَّمَاءُ يَا رَسُولَ الله، قَالَ: «أَفَلا جَعَلْتَه فَوْقَ الطَّعَامِ حَتَّىٰ يَرَاهُ النَّاسُ، مَنْ غَشَّنَا فَلَيْسَ مِنَّا».
According to another narration by Muslim: “The Messenger of Allah (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) passed by a heap of grain (displayed for sale). He thrust his hand in it and his fingers felt dampness. He asked the owner of the grain: ‘What is this?’ He replied: ‘O Messenger of Allah, they have been drenched by rainfall.’ He (the Prophet) remarked: ‘Why did you not place this (damp part of the heap) on top of the grain so that the people could see it? He who deceives us is not one of us.’”
ليس منا: ليس من هدينا وطريقتنا.
Not one of us: does not follow our guidance and our way.
صُبْرَة: كومة.
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السماء: المطر.
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1) من أخلاق أهل الإسلام في بيعهم إظهار جميع أوصاف السلعة، حتىٰ تبرأ ذمة البائع، ولا يُخدع المشتري.
1) Among the morals of the Muslims in their sale transactions is to reveal a full description of the merchandise so that the seller’s liability is free and he is not guilty of cheating the buyer.
2) تحريم الغش والخداع للمسلمين، ففاعل ذلك مستحق للإثم والعقوبة.
2) It is prohibited to cheat and deceive Muslims; whoever does this bears a sin and deserves punishment.
2/1580ــ وعنهُ أنَّ رَسُولَ الله صلى الله عليه وسلم قَالَ: «لا تَنَاجَشُوا».متفقٌ عليه.
1580/2- He also reported that the Messenger of Allah (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) said: “Do not commit Najsh (artificially inflating price).” [Narrated by Al-Bukhāri and Muslim]
3/1581ــ وعن ابن عُمَرَ رضي الله عنهما أنَّ النَّبيَّ صلى الله عليه وسلم نَهَىٰ عن النَّجَش. متفقٌ عليه.
1581/3- Ibn ‘Umar (may Allah be pleased with him and his father) reported that the Prophet (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) forbade Najsh. [Narrated by Al-Bukhāri and Muslim]
النجش: الزيادة في ثمن السلعة ليخدع غيره.
Najsh: to raise the price of merchandise through fake bidding in order to deceive buyers into paying a higher price.
1) تحريم رفع أسعار السلع بقصد الغش والخديعة والإيقاع بالمشترين.
1) It is prohibited to raise the price of commodities with the purpose of cheating and deceiving the buyers.
2) نهت الشريعة عن البيوع التي تسبب العداوة والبغضاء بين أهل الإيمان، وهذا من محاسن التشريع الإسلامي.
2) The Shariah forbids transactions that cause enmity and hatred between the believers; this is one of the merits of the Islamic legislations.
4/1582ــ وعنهُ قَالَ: ذَكَرَ رجلٌ لرَسُول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم أنَّه يُخْدَعُ في البُيُوع؟ فَقَال رَسُول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم: «مَنْ بايَعْتَ فَقُلْ: لا خلابَةَ». متفق عليه.
1582/4- He also reported that a man mentioned to Allah’s Messenger (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) that he was being deceived in sale transactions, and he replied: “When you make a sale, say: ‘There is no attempt to deceive! (giving himself the choice to cancel the sale).’” [Narrated by Al-Bukhāri and Muslim]
«الخلابة» بخاء معجمة مكسورة وباء موحدة: وهي الخديعة.
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1) تحريم الخديعة في البيوع، لأنها ليست من أخلاق المسلمين.
1) Cheating in transactions is prohibited as it is not consistent with the Islamic code of morals.
2) إظهار رحمة رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم بالأمة، حين علّم الجاهل، ولم يقل له: «إن القانون لا يحمي مغفلاً»!.
2) The mercy of the Messenger of Allah (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) is manifested when he instructed the ignorant one on his mistake; he did not say to him that the law does not protect the fools.
في الحديث جواز البيع بشرط الخيار؛ أي: يشترط المشتري مثلاً: إذا وجد في السلعة عيباً أن يردها علىٰ بائعها.
The Hadīth highlights the permissibility of selling with the condition of Khiyār (choice), meaning that the buyer stipulates, for example, the condition to return the commodity to its seller if he finds it defective.
5/1583ــ وعن أبي هُرَيْرَةَ رضي الله عنه قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ الله صلى الله عليه وسلم: «مَنْ خَبَّبَ زَوْجَةَ امرئٍ، أوْ مَمْلُوكَهُ، فَلَيْسَ منَّا». رواه أبو داود.
1583/5- Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Messenger of Allah (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) said: “Whoever incites a woman against her husband or a slave against his master is not one of us.” [Narrated by Abu Dāwūd]
«خَبَّبَ» بخاء معجمة ثم باء موحدة مكررة: أي أفسده وخدعه.
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1) إفساد أحد الزوجين علىٰ الآخر ليس من هدي دين الإسلام.
1) Turning either spouse against the other is not part of the guidance of Islam.
2) نهت الشريعة عن كل ما يفسد الودّ بين الخلطاء ممن تجمعهم رابطة ما، فما أعظمه من دين لو امتثله المسلمون!
2) The Shariah has forbidden all that leads to spoiling the relationship between partners who are tied together by some bond. What a great religion Islam is if only the Muslims would apply it properly!
من هذا الحديث نعلم ضلال بعض الأشرار وسوء أعمالهم، عندما يأتون السحرة والمشعوذين، ليفسدوا بين الأزواج، ويقطعوا الأرحام، فيجب التحذير من هؤلاء الضُلاَّل، لأنهم سبب في تفكك الأمة، وضياع كثير من البيوت.
The Hadīth spotlights the evil of some villains who go to sorcerers and charlatans to spoil the relationship between spouses and cut off kinship ties. It is necessary to warn against those evil doers who are a cause for the disunity of the Muslim community and breakdown of many families.