قَالَ الله تَعَالىٰ: {يَٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُوٓاْ أَوفُواْ بِٱلعُقُودِ} [المائدة: 1]، وَقَالَ تَعَالَىٰ: {وَأَوفُواْ بِٱلعَهدِ إِنَّ ٱلعَهدَ كَانَ مَسُٔولا} [الإسراء: 34].
Allah Almighty says: {O you who believe, fulfill your contracts} [Surat al-Mā’idah: 1] And He says: {and fulfill the covenant, for you will certainly be questioned about the covenant.} [Surat al-Isrā’: 34]
1) الغدر، هو: خيانة الإنسان في موضع الائتمان.
1) Treachery is to betray someone in a situation where trust and honesty are expected.
2) وجوب الوفاء بالعقود في كل شيء، واجتناب الخيانة والخديعة.
2) Honoring contracts is obligatory, and so is avoiding betrayal and deceit.
3) إن الوفاء بالعهود من مستلزمات الإيمان ومكملاته، وهو علامة صحة الإيمان.
3) Fulfilling covenants is one of the requirements and complementary elements of faith, and it is a sign of the soundness of faith.
1/1584 ــ وعن عبد الله بن عَمْرو بن العَاص رضي الله عنهما أنَّ رَسُولَ الله صلى الله عليه وسلم قَالَ: «أرْبعٌ مَنْ كُنَّ فيه كانَ مُنَافقاً خَالصاً، ومَنْ كانَتْ فيه خَصْلَةٌ منْهُنَّ كانَ فيه خَصْلةٌ منَ النِّفَاق حَتَّىٰ يَدَعَهَا: إذَا اؤتُمنَ خَانَ، وإذا حَدَّثَ كَذَبَ، وَإذا عَاهَدَ غَدَرَ، وإذا خَاصَمَ فَجَرَ». متفق عليه.
1584/1 - ‘Abdullāh ibn ‘Amr ibn al-‘Ās (may Allah be pleased with him and his father) reported that the Messenger of Allah (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) said: “Whoever has the following four (traits) is a sheer hypocrite, and whoever has one trait of them has one of the traits of hypocrisy until he gives it up: whenever he is entrusted, he betrays the trust; whenever he speaks, he tells a lie; whenever he makes a covenant, he proves treacherous; and whenever he quarrels, he behaves in a shameless insulting manner.” [Narrated by Al-Bukhāri and Muslim]
1) التحذير من الغدر، لأنه من صفات المنافقين.
1) The Hadīth warns of treachery as one of the characteristics of the hypocrites.
2) علىٰ العبد أن يسعىٰ دائماً في التخلص من الصفات الذميمة التي تضعه في زمرة الفسّاق والمنافقين، وأن يتحلّىٰ بالصفات الحميدة الزكية التي ترفعه في زمرة المؤمنين المقربين.
2) A Muslim should constantly seek to rid himself of dispraised characteristics that place him within the category of the wicked and hypocrites, and to adopt such praiseworthy characteristics that promote him to the category of the favored believers.
2/1585 ــ وعن ابن مسعود، وابن عمرَ، وأنس رضي الله عنهم قالوا: قَالَ النَّبيُّ صلى الله عليه وسلم: «لكُلِّ غادرٍ لوَاءٌ يَوْمَ القيَامةِ، يُقَالُ: هذه غَدْرَةُ فُلانٍ». متفق عليه.
1585/2- Ibn Mas‘ūd, Ibn ‘Umar, and Anas (may Allah be pleased with them) reported: The Prophet (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) said: “For every treacherous one, there will be a flag on the Day of Resurrection, and it will be said: This flag proclaims the treachery of so-and-so.” [Narrated by Al-Bukhāri and Muslim]
3/1586ــ وعن أبي سعيد الخُدْريِّ رضي الله عنه أنَّ النَّبيَّ صلى الله عليه وسلم قَالَ: «لكُلِّ غَادرٍ لوَاءٌ عنْدَ اسْتِهِ يومَ القيامة، يُرْفَعُ لهُ بقَدْر غَدْرِهِ، ألا ولا غَادرَ أعْظَمُ غَدْراً مِن أميرِ عامَّةٍ». رواه مسلم.
1586/3- Abu Sa‘īd al-Khudri (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Prophet (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) said: “Every treacherous one will have a flag by his buttocks on the Day of Resurrection. It will be raised higher according to the nature of his treachery. Behold, there will be no greater treachery than that of a ruler who acted treacherously with the Muslim masses.” [Narrated by Muslim]
اللواء: ما يكون في الحرب مثل العلم والراية.
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استه: دبره.
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1) التحذير من الغدر، فهو من كبائر الذنوب.
1) The Hadīth warns of treachery as one of the major sins.
2) كلما عَظُم الغدر عظمت فضيحة الغادر ووزره يوم القيامة، فالذي يغدر بواحد ليس كمن يغدر بجماعة أو أمة، ومن هنا يُعلم عظيم وزر الذين يغدرون بأبناء الأمة الإسلامية، لإشباع غرائزهم ونيل مصالحهم، فالله حسيبهم في الدنيا والآخرة.
2) The greater the treachery is the greater will be the scandal and sinfulness of the treacherous on the Day of Judgment. That is, treachery committed against one person is not equal to that committed against a group or community. Hence, one can visualize how huge the sin of those who are treacherous towards the Muslims is. They only care for satiating their own desires and attaining their own interests. Allah Almighty is their Reckoner in the worldly life and the Hereafter.
4/1587 ــ وعن أبي هُرَيْرَةَ رضي الله عنه عنِ النَّبيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم قَالَ: «قَالَ اللهُ تَعَالىٰ: ثلاثةٌ أنا خَصْمُهُمْ يومَ القيامَة: رجُلٌ أعْطَىٰ بي ثُمَّ غَدَرَ، ورَجُلٌ بَاعَ حُرّاً فأكَلَ ثَمَنَهُ، ورَجُلٌ اسْتأجَرَ أجيراً فَاسْتَوْفَىٰ منْهُ، ولمْ يُعْطِهِ أجْرَهُ». رواه البخاري.
1587/4 - Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Prophet (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) said: “Allah, the Exalted, said: ‘I will contend on the Day of Resurrection against three (types of) people: One who gave a promise in My Name and then broke it; one who sold a free man as a slave and devoured his price; and one who hired a workman and took the full work from him then did not pay him his wages.’” [Narrated by Al-Bukhāri]
أعطىٰ بي ثم غدر: حلف بالله علىٰ شيء ثم خان العهد.
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1) التشديد في مسألة الغدر، لأنها موجبة لمخاصمة الله يوم القيامة.
1) Treachery is strictly warned against as it entails contending against Allah on the Day of Judgment.
2) التحذير من نقض العهد، لأنه ليس من صفات المؤمنين.
2) The Hadīth warns against breaking covenants because it is not one of the characteristics of the believers.