1/1612 ــ عَنِ ابْنِ عبَّاسٍ رضي الله عنهما أَنَّ رَسُولَ الله صلى الله عليه وسلم قَالَ: «الَّذِي يَعُودُ في هِبَتِهِ كَالكَلبِ يَرجعُ في قَيْئِهِ». متفقٌ عليه.
1612/1- Ibn ‘Abbās (may Allah be pleased with him and his father) reported that the Messenger of Allah (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) said: “The one who takes back a gift is like a dog that swallows back its vomit.” [Narrated by Al-Bukhāri and Muslim]
وفي رِوَايَةٍ: «مَثَل الَّذِي يَرجعُ في صَدَقَتِهِ كَمَثَلِ الكَلْبِ يَقِيءُ، ثمَّ يَعُودُ في قَيْئِهِ فَيَأْكُلُهُ».
In another version: “The likeness of the one who takes back his charity is that of a dog which goes back to its vomit and eats it.”
وفي روايةٍ: «العائِدُ في هِبَتِهِ كالعَائِدِ في قَيئِهِ».
Another version reads: “The one who takes back the gift he has given is like one who eats his vomit.”
1613ــ وَعَنْ عُمَرَ بْنِ الخَطَّابِ رضي الله عنه قَالَ: حَمَلْتُ عَلىٰ فَرسٍ في سَبِيلِ الله فَأَضَاعَهُ الَّذِي كَانَ عِنْدَه، فَأَرَدْتُ أَنْ أَشْتَرِيَهُ، وَظَنَنْتُ أَنَّهُ يَبِيعُهُ بِرُخْصٍ، فَسَأَلْتُ النَّبيَّ صلى الله عليه وسلم، فَقَالَ: «لا تَشْتَرِهِ، وَلا تَعُدْ في صَدَقَتِكَ وَإن أَعْطَاكَهُ بِدِرْهَمٍ، فَإنَّ الْعَائِدَ في صَدَقَتِهِ كَالْعَائِدِ في قَيْئِهِ». متَّفَقٌ عليه.
1613- ‘Umar ibn Al-Khattāb (may Allah be pleased with him) said: “I donated a horse in the cause of Allah. Its new owner did not treat it properly. I wished to buy it and thought that he would sell it at a cheap price (now that it has become weak and emaciated). I asked the Prophet (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) about it, whereupon he said: ‘Do not buy it and do not take back your charity, even if he would sell it to you for one dirham. Indeed, the one who takes back his charity is like a dog that eats back its vomit.’” [Narrated by Al-Bukhāri and Muslim]
قوله: «حَمَلْتُ عَلىٰ فَرَسٍ في سَبِيلِ الله» مَعْنَاهُ: تَصَدَّقْتُ بِهِ عَلىٰ بَعْضِ المُجَاهِدِينَ.
I donated a horse in the cause of Allah: I gave it as charity to a Mujāhid (fighter in the cause of Allah).
1) لا يحل لأحد أن يرجع في هبته وصدقته، لأن ما أخرجه لله تعالىٰ يجب ألا يعود فيه.
1) It is impermissible for anyone to take back his gift or charity, because what is given in the cause of Allah should not be taken back.
2) بيع الهبة أو الصدقة للواهب منهي عنه، لأن العائد في صدقته كالكلب العائد في قيئه، وهذا من ضرب المثال؛ للتنفير من هذا الفِعال، وليس لنا مثل السوء.
2) Selling the gift or object of charity to the one who gave it is forbidden, because the one who takes back his charity is like a dog who swallows back its vomit. This parable was set in order to avert people from doing this deed, and it is not for Muslims to follow a bad example.
في الحديث تحريم الرجوع في الهبة والصدقة بعد قبضهما، ويستثنىٰ من هذا: عطية الوالد لابنه لقوله صلى الله عليه وسلم: «أنت ومالك لأبيك» رواه ابن ماجه، ولقوله صلى الله عليه وسلم: «لا يحل لرجل أن يعطي عطية أو يهب هبة فيرجع فيها، إلا الوالد فيما يُعطي ولده» رواه أبو داود.
The Hadīth indicates the prohibition of taking back gifts and objects of charity after delivering them, but an exception to this is the gift a father gives to his child, based on the statement of the Prophet (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him): “You and your property belong to your father.” [Narrated by Ibn Mājah] He (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) also said: “It is unlawful for a man to give a gift or charity then take it back, except for a parent with regard to what he gives to his child.” [Narrated by Abu Dāwūd]