قَالَ الله تَعَالىٰ: {إِنَّ ٱلَّذِينَ يَأكُلُونَ أَموَٰلَ ٱليَتَٰمَىٰ ظُلمًا إِنَّمَا يَأكُلُونَ فِي بُطُونِهِم نَارا وَسَيَصلَونَ سَعِيرا} [النساء: 10]، وقَالَ تَعَالَىٰ: {وَلَا تَقرَبُواْ مَالَ ٱليَتِيمِ إِلَّا بِٱلَّتِي هِيَ أَحسَنُ} [الأنعام: 152]، وقَالَ تَعَالَىٰ: {وَيَسَٔلُونَكَ عَنِ ٱليَتَٰمَىٰ قُل إِصلَاح لَّهُم خَير وَإِن تُخَالِطُوهُم فَإِخوَٰنُكُم وَٱللَّهُ يَعلَمُ ٱلمُفسِدَ مِنَ ٱلمُصلِحِ} [البقرة: 220].
Allah Almighty says: {Indeed, those who consume the orphans’ property unjustly, they only consume fire into their bellies, and they will burn in a Blazing Fire.} [Surat al-Nisā’: 10] And He says: {Do not approach the orphan’s property, except to improve it} [Surat al-An‘ām: 152] And He says: {They ask you about orphans. Say, “Serving their interests is best. Should you mix your affairs with theirs, then they are your brothers. Allah knows who is dishonest and who is honest.} [Surat al-Baqarah: 220]
1) لا يحل الخوض في أموال اليتامىٰ بالظلم والعدوان، لأن ذلك من كبائر الذنوب.
1) It is not lawful to approach the property of the orphans in a way that involves injustice or transgression as this is one of the major sins.
2) يجوز استثمار مال اليتيم فيما يرجع عليه بالمنفعة والخير.
2) It is permissible to invest the orphans’ property in what brings about benefit and good to them.
1/1614ــ وَعَنْ أبي هُرَيْرَةَ رضي الله عنه عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم قَالَ: «اجْتَنِبُوا السَّبْعَ المُوبِقَاتِ» قَالُوا:يا رَسُولَ الله وَمَا هُنَّ؟ قال: «الشِّرْكُ بِالله، وَالسِّحْرُ، وَقَتْلُ النَّفْسِ الَّتِي حَرَّمَ اللهُ إلَّا بِالحَقِّ، وَأَكْلُ الرِّبَا، وَأَكْلُ مَالِ اليَتِيمِ، والتَّوَلِّي يَوْمَ الزَّحْفِ، وقذفُ المُحْصَنَاتِ المُؤمِناتِ الغَافِلاتِ». متفقٌ عليه.
1614/1- Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Prophet (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) said: “Avoid the seven destructive sins.” They said: “O Messenger of Allah, what are they?” He said: “Associating partners with Allah; magic (sorcery); killing a person whom Allah has prohibited killing except by legal right; consuming interest; devouring the property of an orphan; fleeing from the battlefield; and slandering chaste, innocent, believing women.” [Narrated by Al-Bukhāri and Muslim]
«المُوبِقَاتُ»: المُهْلِكَاتُ.
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1) التحذير من أكل مال اليتيم؛ فهو من المهلكات في الدنيا والآخرة، فقد جعله الرسول صلى الله عليه وسلم مقروناً بالشرك بالله تعالىٰ الذي هو أعظم الذنوب وأظلم الظلم.
1) The Hadīth warns against devouring the orphan’s property, given this sins’ destructive effect in the worldly life and the Hereafter. The Messenger of Allah (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) coupled it with associating partners with Allah Almighty, which is the gravest sin and worst form of injustice.
2) إن انتشار هذه الموبقات في المجتمعات من أسباب الهلاك والتفكك.
2) The spread of such destructive sins in communities causes ruin and disunity.
قد دلت نصوص الشريعة على جبر خاطر المنكسر قلبه، وهذا من أجل صور الرحمة بتعاليم دين الإسلام، فلما كان اليتيم ضعيفاً منفرداً، عظمت الشريعة صيانة حقه بحفظ ماله وتنميته، بل والإحسان إليه إيجاباً أو استحباباً {وَإِذَا حَضَرَ ٱلقِسمَةَ أُوْلُواْ ٱلقُربَىٰ وَٱليَتَٰمَىٰ وَٱلمَسَٰكِينُ فَٱرزُقُوهُم مِّنهُ وَقُولُواْ لَهُم قَولا مَّعرُوفا}.
The Shariah texts indicate that supporting those who are heart-broken is one of the principles of Islam. This is actually one of the greatest aspects of mercy in the teachings of Islam. Because the orphan is often weak and alone, the Shariah laid great emphasis on protecting his right, by maintaining his property and dealing with him kindly as an obligation or recommendation. {If at the time of distribution [other] relatives, orphans, and the needy are present, give them something too, and speak to them kindly.}