317 ــ باب العفو عن لغو اليمين وأنه لا كفارة فيه، وهو مَا يجري عَلَى اللسان بغير قصد اليمين كقوله عَلَى العادة: لا والله ، وبلى والله ، ونحو ذلك

317 - Chapter on pardoning idle oaths and that they entail no expiation; an idle oath is what is uttered by the tongue without the intent of swearing, like when a person habitually says: No, by Allah and yes, by Allah, and so on

قَالَ الله تَعَالىٰ: {لَا يُؤَاخِذُكُمُ ٱللَّهُ بِٱللَّغوِ فِي أَيمَٰنِكُم وَلَٰكِن يُؤَاخِذُكُم بِمَا عَقَّدتُّمُ ٱلأَيمَٰنَ فَكَفَّٰرَتُهُۥ إِطعَامُ عَشَرَةِ مَسَٰكِينَ مِن أَوسَطِ مَا تُطعِمُونَ أَهلِيكُم أَو كِسوَتُهُم أَو تَحرِيرُ رَقَبَة فَمَن لَّم يَجِد فَصِيَامُ ثَلَٰثَةِ أَيَّام ذَٰلِكَ كَفَّٰرَةُ أَيمَٰنِكُم إِذَا حَلَفتُم وَٱحفَظُواْ أَيمَٰنَكُم} [المائدة: 89].

Allah Almighty says: {Allah will not hold you accountable for your unintentional oaths, but He will hold you accountable for your deliberate oaths. The expiation thereof is to feed ten needy people from what you normally feed your own family, or to clothe them, or to emancipate a slave. However, if someone cannot afford it, then he must fast for three days. That is the expiation for breaking your oaths. But be mindful of your oaths.} [Surat al-Mā’idah: 89]

1/1719ــ وعن عائشةَ رضي الله عنها قَالَت: أُنزلتْ هذه الآية: ﴿لَا يُؤَاخِذُكُمُ ٱللَّهُ بِٱللَّغوِ فِي أَيمَٰنِكُم ﴾ في قول الرَّجُلِ: لاواللهِ، وبلىٰ واللهِ. رواه البخاري.

1719/1 - ‘Ā’ishah (may Allah be pleased with her) reported: “This verse: {Allah will not hold you accountable for your unintentional oaths} was revealed with regard to people’s common statements: No, by Allah, and yes, by Allah.” [Narrated by Al-Bukhāri]

غريب الحديث:

Words in the Hadīth:

لغو اليمين: هي اليمين التي يقولها الإنسان علىٰ لسانه، ولا يقصدها بقلبه.

An idle oath is the oath that a person utters by his tongue and does not really mean.

هداية الحديث:

Guidance from the Hadīth:

1) بيان رحمة الله _عز وجل_ بعباده، حيث لم يؤاخذهم فيما يجري علىٰ ألسنتهم من الحلف غير المقصود، فلا يلزمهم الوفاء به.

1) It shows the mercy of Allah Almighty towards His servants, as He does not take them to task for the oaths they unintentionally utter without real intent. He does not oblige them to fulfill those oaths.

2) التنبيه علىٰ قاعدة الشريعة: اعتبار النيات والقصود، في الألفاظ والعقود.

2) It draws the attention to the Shariah rule that it is the intention that matters in words and contracts.

3) السنة النبوية ملازمة للكتاب الكريم؛ تفسّره، وتُوضّح مُبهمه.

3) The Prophet’s Sunnah goes hand in hand with the Noble Qur’an, explaining it and clearing any vagueness therein.