قال الله تعالىٰ: {وَيَخِرُّونَ لِلأَذقَانِ يَبكُونَ وَيَزِيدُهُم خُشُوعا} [الإسراء: 109] ، وقال تعالىٰ: {أَفَمِن هَٰذَا ٱلحَدِيثِ تَعجَبُونَ * وَتَضحَكُونَ وَلَا تَبكُونَ} [النجم: 59 _60].
Allah Almighty says: {And they fall upon their faces weeping, and it [i.e. the Qur’an] increases them in humble submission.} [Al-Isrā’: 109] He also says: {Then at this statement do you wonder? And you laugh and do not weep.} [An-Najm: 59-60]
1) بكاء العبد من خشية الله، سببُه إمّا الخوفُ منه؛ إذا كان بعد معصية أورثت بعداً وطرداً، أو الشوقُ إليه؛ إذا كان بعد طاعة وُفـِّق لها العبد أورثت قرباً وحبّاً.
1) The reason behind a person weeping out of fear from Allah is either fear after the commission of a sin that left within him a feeling of being rejected, or longing for Him, if this follows a pious act that left within him a feeling of love for Him and closeness to Him.
2) الإنكار علىٰ القاسية قلوبهم، الذين جف دمع عيونهم من قسوة قلوبهم.
2) Expressing disapproval of hard-hearted people whose tears dried up because of their harshness.
1/446 ــ وعَنْ ابن مَسعودٍ رضي الله عنه قالَ: قال لي النَّبيُّ صلى الله عليه وسلم: «اقْرَأ عليَّ القُرآنَ» قلتُ: يا رسُولَ الله، أَقْرَأُ عَلَيْكَ، وَعَلَيْكَ أُنْزِلَ ؟! قالَ: «إنِّي أُحِبُّ أَنْ أَسْمَعَهُ مِنْ غَيْري» فقرَأْتُ عليه سورَةَ النِّسَاءِ، حتىٰ جِئْتُ إلىٰ هذِه الآية: {فَكَيفَ إِذَا جِئنَا مِن كُلِّ أُمَّةِ بِشَهِيد وَجِئنَا بِكَ عَلَىٰ هَٰٓؤُلَآءِ شَهِيدا} [النساء: 41]، قال: «حَسبُكَ الآنَ» فَالْتَفَتُّ إلَيْهِ، فَإذَا عَيْنَاهُ تَذْرِفَانِ. متّفقٌ عليه.
446/1 - Ibn Mas‘ūd (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Prophet (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) said to me: “Recite the Qur’an to me.” I said: “O Messenger of Allah, should I recite it to you while it has been revealed to you!” He said: “I like to hear it from others.” I recited to him Sūrat Al-Nisā’ till I reached this verse: {So how [will it be] when We bring from every nation a witness and We bring you, [O Muhammad], against these [people] as a witness?} [An-Nisā’: 41] Thereupon, he said: “Enough, now.” I turned toward him and saw him shedding tears. [Narrated by Al-Bukhāri and Muslim]
1) الحث علىٰ تدبر القرآن عند تلاوته أو سماعه، فإنه سبب في دمع العين، وخشية القلب، فإن (رِوىٰ القلب ذكر الله فاستسق مقبلاً ... ولا تعدُ روضَ الذاكرين فتُمحِلا).
1) We are urged to contemplate the Qur’an as we recite it or listen to its recitation. This brings tears to our eyes and fear into our hearts. Indeed, the thirst of our hearts is quenched by remembrance of Allah Almighty.
2) من الأدب النبوي في قراءة القرآن حصول الخشية والدمعة، والله يقول: {لَّقَد كَانَ لَكُم فِي رَسُولِ ٱللَّهِ أُسوَةٌ حَسَنَةٞ}.
2) The Prophet (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) used to weep and feel fearful of Allah during Qur’an recitation, and Allah Almighty says: {There has certainly been for you in the Messenger of Allah an excellent pattern.}
2/447 ــ وعن أنسٍ رضي الله عنه قالَ: خَطَبَ رسُولُ الله صلى الله عليه وسلم خُطْبَةً، ما سَمعتُ مِثْلَها قَطُّ، فقالَ: «لَوْ تَعْلَمُونَ ما أَعْلَمُ لَضَحِكْتُمْ قَلِيلاً، وَلَبَكَيْتُمْ كثيراً»، قال: فَغَطَّىٰ أَصْحَابُ رَسُولِ الله صلى الله عليه وسلم وَجُوهَهُمْ، ولَهُمْ خَنِينٌ. متفقٌ عليه، وسَبَقَ بَيَانُهُ في بابِ الخَوْفِ.
447/2 - Anas (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Prophet (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) delivered to us a sermon the like of which I have never heard. He said: “By Allah, if you were to know what I know, you would laugh a little and weep much.” Thereupon, the Prophet’s Companions covered their faces and began to sob. [Narrated by Al-Bukhāri and Muslim] It has been previously cited in the chapter on fear.
خنين: البكاء مع صوت ضعيف يخرج من الأنف.
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1) بيان هدي النَّبيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم في وعظ الناس، وحثهم علىٰ البكاء من خشية الله تعالىٰ.
1) It shows the Prophet’s guidance in preaching people and urging them to weep out of fear of Allah Almighty.
2) جهلُ العبدِ وظلمُه سببٌ في عدم البكاء.
2) A person’s ignorance and wrongdoing cause him not to weep.
3) فضيلة الصحابة رضي الله عنهم في تأثرهم بالموعظة النبوية مباشرة. فأين حال مَن تُتلىٰ عليه الآيات البينات، والأحاديث الزاجرات، ثم لا يتأثر؟! ولربما خشع وبكىٰ من سماع الأناشيد والأبيات!!. فهل إلى إحياء منهج الصحابة في السماع من سبيل؟
3) It points out the Companions’ merit and how they were directly moved by the Prophet’s preaching. How far from it are those to whom clear verses and Hadīths are read and they are not moved! And they may be humbled and weep upon hearing songs and poems. We should find a way to revive the approach of the Companions in listening.
في رواية للحديث: «وأوحىٰ الله _عز وجل_ إليه: يا محمد لم تقنط عبادي؟ فرجع النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم فقال: أبشروا وسددوا، وقاربوا».
In another version of the Hadīth: “Allah Almighty revealed to him: ‘O Muhammad, why do you cause my slaves to despair?’ So, the Prophet (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) returned and said: ‘Rejoice, and do good deeds properly and moderately.’”
ففي هذا الحديث: الجمع بين الخوف والرجاء، لأن الخوف وحده يورث القنوط واليأس، والرجاء وحده يورث الكبر والعجب.
So, the Hadīth urges us to combine hope and fear, for fear alone causes despair, and hope alone inspires arrogance and self-conceit.
3/448 ــ وعن أبي هريرةَ رضي الله عنه قالَ: قالَ رسُولُ الله صلى الله عليه وسلم: «لاَ يَلجُ النَّارَ رَجُلٌ بَكَىٰ مِنْ خَشْيَةِ الله حَتَّىٰ يَعُودَ اللَّبَنُ في الضَّرْعِ، وَلا يَجْتَمِعُ غُبَارٌ في سَبِيلِ الله وَدُخانُ جَهَنَّمَ». رواهُ الترمذي، وقال: حديثٌ حسنٌ صحيحٌ.
448/3 - Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Prophet (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) said: “One who weeps out of fear of Allah will not enter Hellfire till milk returns back in the udder; and the dust raised on account of fighting in the way of Allah will not exist together with the smoke of Hellfire.” [Narrated by Al-Tirmidhi; he classified it as Hasan Sahīh (sound and authentic)]
يلج: يدخل.
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1) البكاء من خشية الله تعالىٰ يبعث علىٰ الاستقامة، فيكون وقاية من عذاب النار.
1) Weeping out of fear of Allah Almighty inspires uprightness, and thus it protects one from the punishment in Hellfire.
2) إن من علامة صدق الإيمان دمعُ العين من خشية الله تعالىٰ.
2) It is a sign of sincere faith that a person sheds tears out of fear of his Lord.
4/449 ــ وعنه قالَ: قالَ رسُولُ الله صلى الله عليه وسلم: «سَبْعَةٌ يُظِلُّهُمُ الله في ظِلِّهِ يَوْمَ لاَ ظِلَّ إلَّا ظِلُّه: إمامٌ عادِلٌ، وشَابٌ نَشَأَ في عِبَادَةِ الله تَعالىٰ، وَرَجُلٌ قَلْبُهُ مُعَلَّق في المَسَاجدِ، وَرَجُلانِ تَحَابَّا في الله؛ اجْتَمَعَا عَلَيْهِ، وتَفَرَّقَا عَلَيْهِ، وَرَجُلٌ دَعَتْهُ امْرَأَةٌ ذَاتُ مَنْصِبٍ وجَمَالٍ، فَقَالَ: إنِّي أَخَافُ اللهَ، ورَجُلٌ تَصَدَّقَ بِصَدَقَةٍ فَأَخْفاها، حتَىٰ لاَ تَعْلَمَ شِمالُهُ ما تُنْفِقُ يَمِينُه، ورَجُلٌ ذَكَرَ اللهَ خَالِياً فَفَاضَتْ عَيْنَاهُ». متفقٌ عليه.
449/4 - He also reported that the Prophet (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) said: “Seven people Allah will give them His shade on the Day when there would be no shade but His shade: a just ruler; a young man who grew up in the worship of Allah; a man whose heart is attached to the mosques; two men who love each other for the sake of Allah so they meet and depart from each other for His sake; a man whom a woman of status and beauty tries to seduce but he (rejects her advances and) says: ‘I fear Allah’; a man who gives in charity and conceals it (to such an extent) that his left hand does not know what his right hand has given; and a man who remembers Allah in solitude so his eyes overflow with tears.” [Al-Bukhāri and Muslim]
1) الباكي خشيةً من الله واحدُ سبعةٍ يظلهم الله في ظله.
1) He who weeps out of fear of Allah is among the seven types of people whom Allah will shade under His shade.
2) يستحسن للعبد أن يذكر الله خالي القلب مما سوىٰ الله _عز وجل_، خالي الجسم ليس عنده أحد، فيكون بكاؤه خالصاً لله تعالىٰ.
2) It is recommended that a person remembers Allah Almighty while his mind is free from any other thought and his place is free from any other person; thus his weeping would be purely for Allah’s sake.
5/450 ــ وعَن عبدِ الله بنِ الشِّخِّيرِ رضي الله عنه قال: أَتَيْتُ رسُولَ الله صلى الله عليه وسلم وهُوَ يُصَلِّي، ولجوْفِهِ أَزِيزٌ كَأَزِيزِ المِرْجَلِ مِنَ البُكاءِ. حديث صحيح رواه أبو داود، والتِّرْمذي في الشّمائِلِ بإسنادٍ صحيحٍ.
450/5 - ‘Abdullāh ibn al-Shikhkhīr (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: I came to the Prophet (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) while he was praying. He was sobbing with his chest wheezing like a boiling pot. [Narrated by Abu Dāwūd and Al-Tirmidhi in Al-Shamā’il with an authentic Isnād]
لجوفه: لصدره وداخله.
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أزيز الرجل: صوت القدر وهو يغلي.
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1) بيان ماكان عليه رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم من كمال الخوف، فصوت بكائه دليل علىٰ كمال الخشية لله تعالىٰ.
1) It highlights the Prophet’s perfect fear of Allah Almighty. The sound of his weeping was a clear sign of that.
2) مَن ظهرت عليه أمارات الخشوع مِن غير تكلف فلا حرج عليه، فإن للحسنة نوراً ونضرة في وجوه الطائعين.
2) There is nothing wrong with signs of humility showing on a person without affectation. Verily, a good deed brings light and radiance to the faces of the pious.
6/451 ــ وعن أنسٍ رضي الله عنه قالَ: قالَ رسُولُ الله صلى الله عليه وسلم لأبيِّ بن كَعْبِ رضي الله عنه: «إنَّ الله _عز وجل_ أَمَرَني أَنْ أَقْرَأَ عَلَيْكَ: {لَم يَكُنِ ٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُواْ}»، قَالَ: وسَمَّانِي؟ قالَ: «نَعَمْ» فَبَكىٰ أُبَيّ. متفقٌ عليه.
451/6 - Anas (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Messenger of Allah (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) said to Ubayy ibn Ka‘b (may Allah be pleased with him): “Allah Almighty commanded me to recite to you the Sūrah of Al-Bayyinah.” He said: “And He mentioned me by name?” He said: “Yes.” Thereupon, Ubayy wept. [Narrated by Al-Bukhāri and Muslim]
وفي روايةٍ: فَجَعَلَ أُبـَيٌّ يَبْكي.
In another version: “Ubayy kept weeping.”
1) فضيلة الصحابي أُبي بن كعب رضي الله عنه؛ فهو من الراسخين في حفظ القرآن وتلاوته، فقد سمّاه رب العزة تبارك وتعالىٰ.
1) It shows the merit of the Companion Ubayy ibn Ka‘b (may Allah be pleased with him), for he was one of those versed in Qur’an’s memorization and recitation. So, Allah Almighty mentioned him by name.
2) جواز البكاء عند الفرح والسرور وحصول النعم.
2) It is permissible to weep upon the occurrence of pleasant things and blessings.
3) فضيلة سورة البينة؛ لِـمَا اشتملت عليه من التوحيد، والرسالة، والمعاد، والصحف، والكتب المنزلة علىٰ الأنبياء عليهم الصلاة والسلام، وذكر الصلاة والزكاة، والإخلاص، وبيان حال أهل الجنة والنار، ففيها بيان خير الدنيا والآخرة.
3) It highlights the merit of Sūrat Al-Bayyinah, as it includes Tawhīd (monotheism), the message, the Hereafter, the scrolls, the scriptures revealed to the prophets, mention of prayer, Zakah, and sincerity, and demonstration of the conditions of people in Paradise and Hellfire. So, it sheds light on good things in the worldly life and in the Hereafter.
7/452 ــ وعنهُ قالَ: قالَ أبو بَكْرٍ لعمرَ رضي الله عنهما بعدَ وفاةِ رسُولِ الله صلى الله عليه وسلم: انْطَلِقْ بِنا إلىٰ أُمِّ أَيْمَنَ رضي الله عنها نَزُورُها، كما كانَ رَسُولُ الله صلى الله عليه وسلم يَزُورُها، فَلَمَّا انْتَهَيْنَا إلَيْهَا بكَتْ، فَقالا لها: ما يُبْكِيكِ؟ أَمَا تَعْلَمينَ أَنَّ ما عِنْدَ الله تَعالىٰ خَيْرٌ لِرَسُولِ الله صلى الله عليه وسلم؟ قالَتْ: إنّي لاَ أَبْكِي أَنـِّي لا أَعْلَمُ أَنَّ مَا عِنْدَ الله خَيْرٌ لِرَسُولِ الله صلى الله عليه وسلم، ولكِنِّي أَبكِي أَنَّ الْوَحْيَ قَدِ انْقَطَعَ مِنَ السَّمَاءِ، فَهَيَّجَتْهُما عَلَىٰ البُكاءِ، فَجَعَلاَ يَبْكِيَانِ مَعَها. رواهُ مسلم. وقد سبق في باب زيارَةِ أهل الخير.
452/7 - Anas ibn Mālik (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: After the Prophet’s death, Abu Bakr said to ‘Umar (may Allah be pleased with both of them): “Let us visit Umm Ayman just as the Messenger of Allah used to visit her.” When they came to her, she wept. They said to her: “What makes you weep? Do you not know that what is with Allah is better for the Messenger of Allah?” She said: “I am not weeping because of not knowing that what is with Allah is better for the Messenger of Allah, but I weep because the revelation from the sky has stopped.” Her words moved them to tears and they began to weep along with her. [Narrated by Muslim] It has been previously cited in the chapter on visiting good people.
1) رقة قلوب الصحابة رضي الله عنهم، فأدنىٰ شيء من حديث الإيمان يحرك قلوبهم.
1) The Companions (may Allah be pleased with them) had soft hearts. A small reminder of faith would move them and touch their hearts.
2) علىٰ العبد إذا تفقد إخوانه أن يذكر لهم مايحرك إيمانهم، ويكون سبباً في فيض دمعهم من خشية الله تعالىٰ.
2) When a person visits his fellow Muslims, he ought to mention to them what revives their faith and brings tears to their eyes out of fear of Allah Almighty.
8/453 ــ وعن ابنِ عمَر رضي الله عنهما قال: لمَّا اشْتَدَّ بِرَسُولِ الله صلى الله عليه وسلم وَجَعُهُ، قيلَ له في الصَّلاةِ، فقال: «مُرُوا أبَا بكْرٍ فَلْيُصَلِّ بالنّاسِ»، فقالتْ عائشةُ رضي الله عنها: إنَّ أبَا بكْرٍ رَجُلٌ رَقِيقٌ، إذا قَرَأَ القُرآنَ غَلَبَهُ البُكاءُ، فقالَ: «مُرُوهُ فَلْيُصَلِّ». وفي روايةٍ عن عائشَةَ رضي الله عنها قالَتْ: قلتُ: إنَّ أَبَا بَكْرٍ إذا قامَ مَقَامَكَ لَمْ يُسْمعِ النَّاسَ مِنَ البُكاءِ. متفقٌ عليه.
453/8 - Ibn ‘Umar (may Allah be pleased with him and his father) reported: When the Prophet’s illness got worse, he was asked about (leading) the prayer so he said: “Order Abu Bakr to lead the people in prayer.” Thereupon, ‘Ā’ishah (may Allah be pleased with her) said: “Abu Bakr is a softhearted man; when he recites the Qur’an, he cannot help but weep.” He still said: “Order him to lead the prayer.” In another version by ‘Ā’ishah, she said: I said: “If Abu Bakr leads the prayer in place of you, people will not be able to hear him due to his weeping.” [Narrated by Al-Bukhāri and Muslim]
1) صفة أبي بكر رضي الله عنه، لِـمَـا كان عليه من خشية الله _عز وجل_.
1) It describes Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) and how much he feared Allah Almighty.
2) استحباب رقة القلب والبكاء عند تلاوة القرآن من غير تكلّف.
2) Unaffected softheartedness and weeping during recitation of the Qur’an is commendable.
9/454 ــ وعن إبراهيمَ بنِ عبدِ الرَّحمنِ بنِ عوْفٍ أَنَّ عبدَ الرَحمنِ بنَ عَوْفٍ رضي الله عنه أُتِيَ بطَعامٍ وكانَ صائماً، فقالَ: قُتِلَ مُصعبُ بنُ عُمَيرٍ رضي الله عنه، وَهُوَ خَيْرٌ منِّي، فَلَمْ يُوجَدْ لَهُ ما يُكَفَّنُ فيهِ، إلَّا بُرْدَةٌ إنْ غُطِّيَ بها رَأْسُهُ بَدَتْ رِجْلاَهُ، وإنْ غُطِّيَ بها رِجْلاهُ بَدَا رأسُهُ، ثُمَّ بُسِطَ لَنَا مِنَ الدُّنْيَا ما بُسِطَ، أَوْ قالَ: أُعْطِينا مِنَ الدُّنْيا مَا أعْطِينَا، وقَدْ خَشِينَا أنْ تكُونَ حَسَنَاتُنا عُجِّلَتْ لَنا، ثُمَّ جَعَلَ يبْكي حتَّىٰ تَرَكَ الطَّعامَ. رواهُ البخاري.
454/9 - Ibrahīm ibn ‘Abd al-Rahmān ibn ‘Awf reported that food was brought to his father, ‘Abd al-Rahman ibn ‘Awf (may Allah be pleased with him), and he was fasting (that day); so he said: “Mus‘ab ibn ‘Umayr was martyred and he was better than me, but only one garment was available to shroud him. It was so small that if his head was covered, his feet remained uncovered, and if his feet were covered, his head remained uncovered. Then, the bounties of this world were bestowed upon us generously - or he said: We were given of this world what we were given - I am afraid that the reward of our good deeds has been hastened to us in this world (instead of the Hereafter).” Upon saying this, he started crying and left the food untouched. [Narrated by Al-Bukhāri]
1) استحباب تذكّر سير الصالحين، فهي زاد يوصل إلىٰ طريق الآخرة.
1) It is recommended to remember the lives of the righteous people, for this helps one proceed on the path to Paradise.
2) علىٰ المرء أن يذكر أصحابه وإخوانه بجميل فعالهم، وحسن مناقبهم، وأن يستغفر لهم، وأن يتجنب ذكر مايسوؤهم.
2) When a person mentions his companions and fellow Muslims, he should mention their good actions and attributes, and he should ask Allah’s forgiveness for them and avoid saying about them what would upset them.
3) المؤمن ينظر في الطاعة إلىٰ مَنْ هو فوقه، وفي أمور الدنيا إلىٰ مَن هو دونه؛ ليبقىٰ حريصاً علىٰ الإكثار من الطاعة، شاكراً لأنعم الله.
3) In terms of worship, a person should compare himself to those better than him, and in terms of worldly affairs, he should compare himself to those below him. In this way, he will always be keen to do more good deeds and show gratitude to his Lord.
10/455 ــ وعن أبي أُمامةَ صُدَيِّ بنِ عجلانَ الباهليِّ رضي الله عنه عن النَّبيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم قال: «لَيْسَ شيءٌ أَحَبَّ إلىٰ الله تعالىٰ من قَطْرَتَيْنِ وَأَثَرَيْنِ: قَطْرَةُ دُمُوعٍ من خَشيَةِ الله، وَقَطرَةُ دَمٍ تُهرَاقُ في سَبِيلِ الله. وَأَمَّا الأثرَانِ: فَأَثَرٌ في سَبِيلِ الله تعالىٰ، وَأَثرٌ في فَرِيضَةٍ مِنْ فَرَائِضِ الله تعالىٰ». رواه الترمذي وقال: حديث حسنٌ.
455/10 - Abu Umāmah Sudayy ibn ‘Ajlān al-Bāhili (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Prophet (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) said: “Nothing is dearer to Allah Almighty than two drops and two marks: a drop of tears shed out of fear of Allah and a drop of blood shed in the cause of Allah. As for the two marks, they are a mark left in the cause of Allah and a mark left in observing one of the obligations prescribed by Allah Almighty.” [Narrated by Al-Tirmidhi; and he classified it as Hasan (sound)]
تُهراق: تسيل.
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1) البكاء خشيةً من الله تعالىٰ من أحب الأعمال الفاضلة .
1) Weeping out of fear of Allah Almighty is one of the best virtuous deeds.
2) فضل التقرُّب إلىٰ الله بما افترضه علىٰ عباده، من أجناس الطاعات.
2) It points out the merit of drawing close to Allah Almighty by performing the various kinds of obligations He ordained.
11/456 ــ حديث العرْباضِ بنِ ساريةَ رضي الله عنه، قال: «وَعَظَنَا رسولُ الله صلى الله عليه وسلم مَوْعِظَةً وَجِلَتْ مِنها القُلُوبُ، وَذَرَفَتْ مِنْهَا العُيُونُ». وقد سبق في باب النهي عن البدع.
456/11 - Al-‘Irbād ibn Sāriyah (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Messenger of Allah (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) delivered to us such a sermon that brought fear to our hearts and tears to our eyes. It has previously been cited in the chapter on prohibiting religious innovations.
1) بيان صفة الموعظة؛ أن تكون بليغة مؤثرة، تجلب دمع العيون وخشية القلوب.
1) It highlights that a sermon should be eloquent and touching; making the eyes tearful and the hearts fearful.
2) الكلام المؤثر هو ماخرج من مشكاة الشرع وهدي التنزيل، فدخل القلب.
2) The moving speech is what comes out of the beacon of Shariah and the guidance of revelation and thus finds its way into the hearts.