Allah Almighty says: {And when the prayer has been concluded, disperse within the land and seek from the bounty of Allah, and remember Allah often that you may succeed.} [Surat al-Jumu‘ah: 9]
Allah -Ta'ālā- berfirman, "Apabila salat Jumat telah dilaksanakan, maka bertebaranlah kamu di bumi; dan carilah karunia Allah dan berzikirlah kepada Allah banyak-banyak agar kamu beruntung." (QS. Al-Jumu'ah: 9)
1) It urges us to seek the bounty of Allah Almighty and the different types of sustenance. In transactions and dealings, a believer always heeds his Lord and recalls that He is constantly watching over him. This falls under remembrance of Allah Almighty.
1) Anjuran mencari karunia Allah -Ta'ālā- berupa rezeki dengan segala jenisnya. Dalam kegiatan jual beli, seorang mukmin harus senantiasa merasa diawasi oleh Allah -Ta'ālā- serta menghadirkan dalam hati bahwa Allah Maha Mengawasi dan Maha Menghitung, karena ini termasuk wujud zikir kepada Allah -Ta'ālā-.
2) When a person has offered the Friday prayer and then engages in buying and selling, it is more hoped that his transactions would be blessed, since he preceded them with an act of obedience to Allah Almighty.
2) Apabila seorang hamba telah menunaikan salat Jumat kemudian melakukan jual beli maka dia patut diberi rezeki, karena dia telah menghaturkan ketaatan di awal rezekinya.
3) Worship of Allah Almighty is a cause of success in attaining all goodness in the worldly life and the Hereafter.
3) Beribadah kepada Allah -Ta'ālā- adalah penyebab adanya al-falāḥ (keberuntungan), yaitu sebuah kata yang merangkum segala macam kebaikan dunia dan akhirat.
1147/1 - Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Prophet (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) said: “The best day the sun has risen over is Friday: on it Adam was created, on it he was admitted into Paradise, and on it he was driven out of it.” [Narrated by Muslim]
1/1147- Abu Hurairah -raḍiyallāhu 'anhu- berkata, Rasulullah -ṣallallāhu 'alaihi wa sallam- bersabda, "Hari terbaik saat matahari terbit adalah hari Jumat; pada hari itu Adam diciptakan, serta dimasukkan ke surga dan dikeluarkan darinya pada hari itu pula." (HR. Muslim)
1) Friday is the best of days. Out of His mercy, Allah Almighty has endowed Friday with this special merit, so that the seekers of the Hereafter can compete in winning rewards.
1) Hari yang paling baik adalah hari Jumat, dan merupakan rahmat Allah -Ta'ālā- ketika Allah mengkhususkan hari Jumat dengan hal itu agar para pencari akhirat berlomba-lomba dalam meraih pahala.
2) One of the merits of Friday is that the creation began in it, and it also saw the beginning of the trial of Adam entering Paradise and then leaving it.
2) Di antara sisi terbaik hari Jumat adalah bahwa pada hari itu penciptaan dimulai serta dimulainya ujian dengan masuk surga dan keluar darinya.
1148/2 - He also reported that the Prophet (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) said: “He who performs ablution properly and then comes to the Friday prayer and listens attentively and keeps silent, his sins between that Friday and the following Friday will be forgiven, with the addition of three more days; but he who touches pebbles (while listening to the sermon) has engaged in idle activity.” [Narrated by Muslim]
2/1148- Masih dari Abu Hurairah -raḍiyallāhu 'anhu-, dia berkata, Rasulullah -ṣallallāhu 'alaihi wa sallam- bersabda, "Siapa yang berwudu lalu menyempurnakan wudunya dan mendatangi (salat) Jumat, lantas menyimak (khotbah) dengan saksama dan diam, maka akan diampuni (dosanya) antara Jumat (itu) dengan Jumat (sebelumnya) dan ditambah tiga hari. Siapa yang memegang (memainkan) kerikil, maka ia telah berbuat sia-sia." (HR. Muslim)
1149/3 - He also reported that the Prophet (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) said: “The five prayers, from Friday to Friday, and from Ramadan to Ramadan expiate sins committed between them, if major sins are avoided.” [Narrated by Muslim]
3/1149- Juga Abu Hurairah -raḍiyallāhu 'anhu- meriwayatkan dari Nabi -ṣallallāhu 'alaihi wa sallam- bahwa beliau bersabda, "Salat lima waktu, Jumat ke Jumat, dan Ramadan ke Ramadan adalah pelebur dosa-dosa di antaranya, selama dosa besar dijauhi." (HR. Muslim)
About idle activity, another Hadīth says: “Whoever engages in idle activity and steps between people’s necks, it will be a Zhuhr prayer for him (not a Friday prayer).” [Narrated by Abu Dāwūd as reported by ‘Abdullāh ibn ‘Amr ibn al-‘Ās] Ibn Wahb, one the subnarrators, said what it means: “His prayer is valid (as Zhuhr prayer), but he is deprived of the merit of the Friday prayer.” [Fat-h al-Bāri Sharh Sahīh al-Bukhāri]
لَغَا (lagā): al-lagwu telah ditafsirkan dalam hadis pada sabda Nabi -ṣallallāhu 'alaihi wa sallam-: "Siapa yang berbuat sia-sia dan melangkahi pundak manusia, maka salat itu baginya menjadi Zuhur." (HR. Abu Daud dari Abdullah bin 'Amr bin Al-'Āṣ). Ibnu Wahb -salah satu perawi- berkata, "Maknanya, salatnya itu sah, tetapi dia tidak mendapatkan keutamaan salat Jumat." (Fatḥul-Bārī Syarḥ Ṣaḥīḥ Al-Bukhāriy)
1) The great reward and expiation of sins apply to one who performs ablution perfectly and listens attentively, not being distracted by anything from the sermon.
1) Pahala yang besar dalam pengampunan dosa diperoleh orang yang berwudu sempurna dan diam mendengarkan khotbah, serta tidak menyibukkan diri dengan hal lain sedikit pun saat khotbah.
2) They encourage us to seek Allah’s mercy, as He has provided us with opportunities for expiation of sins. These include prayers, fasting, and hastening to perform righteous deeds.
2) Motivasi untuk meraih rahmat Allah -Ta'ālā- dengan cara Allah memaparkan kepada mereka berbagai jenis kebaikan yang dapat menghapus dosa-dosa, dan di antara kebaikan tersebut adalah; salat, puasa, dan bersegera menuju ketaatan.
It is deduced from the foregoing Hadīth that listening to the sermon is obligatory, for he who gets distracted from it by touching pebbles misses the reward of the Friday prayer. Then what about he who intentionally fails to listen to the sermon? A devoted believer would go to the Friday prayer early to witness the sermon from its beginning.
Dari hadis ini dapat dipetik faedah bahwa mendengar khotbah hukumnya wajib, karena orang yang sibuk dengan memainkan kerikil atau lainnya dari mendengar khotbah, dia telah kehilangan pahala salat Jumat. Lalu bagaimana dengan orang yang sengaja tidak mendengarkannya? Maka orang yang gigih di antara orang beriman adalah yang bersegera mendatangi salat Jumat untuk menyaksikan khotbah dari awal.
1150/4 - He and Ibn ‘Umar (may Allah be pleased with both of them) reported that they heard the Messenger of Allah (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) speaking on his wooden pulpit, saying: “People must stop neglecting the Friday prayers, or else Allah will put a seal on their hearts, then they will be truly among the heedless.” [Narrated by Muslim]
4/1150- Abu Hurairah dan Ibnu Umar -raḍiyallāhu 'anhumā- meriwayatkan bahwa mereka berdua mendengar Rasulullah -ṣallallāhu 'alaihi wa sallam- berkhotbah di atas tangga mimbarnya, "Hendaklah orang-orang berhenti dari meninggalkan salat Jumat, atau jika tidak, Allah benar-benar akan mengunci hati mereka kemudian mereka benar-benar menjadi orang-orang yang lalai." (HR. Muslim)
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وَدْعِهِمْ (wad'ihim): keabsenan mereka (dari salat Jumat).
1) It issues a stern warning against neglecting the Friday prayer without a valid excuse. The heart of a person who does so will be sealed.
1) Peringatan keras terhadap perbuatan tidak menghadiri salat Jumat tanpa uzur karena hal itu menjadi sebab terkuncinya hati.
2) Commission of sins is a reason for deprivation of the light of worship. Allah Almighty punishes a heedless sinner by sealing his heart. So, let the believer beware of neglecting his religious duties.
2) Perbuatan maksiat adalah penyebab terhalanginya hamba dari cahaya ketaatan, dan Allah -Ta'ālā- menghukum pelaku maksiat yang lalai dengan mengunci hatinya. Oleh karena itu, orang beriman harus waspada agar tidak bermudah-mudahan dalam meninggalkan kewajiban agama.
1151/5 - Ibn ‘Umar (may Allah be pleased with him and his father) reported that the Prophet (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) said: “If you come to attend the Friday prayer, take a bath.” [Narrated by Al-Bukhāri and Muslim]
5/1151- Ibnu Umar -raḍiyallāhu 'anhumā- meriwayatkan, bahwa Rasulullah -ṣallallāhu 'alaihi wa sallam- bersabda, "Apabila salah seorang di antara kalian hendak pergi salat Jumat, maka hendaklah dia mandi." (Muttafaq 'Alaih)
1152/6 - Abu Sa‘īd al-Khudri (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Prophet (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) said: “Taking a bath on Friday is due upon every Muslim who has reached puberty.” [Narrated by Al-Bukhāri and Muslim]
6/1152- Abu Sa‘īd Al-Khudriy -raḍiyallāhu 'anhu- meriwayatkan bahwa Rasulullah -ṣallallāhu 'alaihi wa sallam- bersabda, "Mandi pada hari Jumat adalah wajib atas setiap orang yang telah balig." (Muttafaq 'Alaih)
The duty here denotes option (i.e. voluntary duty), like telling someone: Your right is a duty upon me. And Allah knows best.
Yang dimaksud dengan al-muḥtalim ialah orang yang balig. Dan yang dimaksud dengan wajib ialah wajib pilihan, seperti perkataan seseorang kepada temannya, "Ḥaqquka wājibun 'alayya" artinya: hakmu wajib atasku. Wallāhu a'lam.
1153/7 - Samurah (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Messenger of Allah (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) said: “Whoever performs ablution on Friday has done something good, and whoever takes a bath has done what is better.” [Narrated by Abu Dāwūd and Al-Tirmidhi, who classified it as Hasan (sound)]
7/1153- Samurah -raḍiyallāhu 'anhu- bersabda, Rasulullah -ṣallallāhu 'alaihi wa sallam- bersabda, "Siapa yang berwudu pada hari Jumat maka sungguh baik, dan siapa yang mandi maka itu lebih utama." (HR. Abu Daud dan Tirmizi; Tirmizi berkata, "Hadis hasan")
1) Taking a bath on Friday for the Friday prayer is due upon those who are obligated to attend the prayer.
1) Mandi pada hari Jumat untuk salat Jumat hukumnya wajib atas orang yang wajib menghadiri salat Jumat.
2) The Prophet’s instruction to take a bath on Friday shows how the Shariah cares for purification and cleanliness, especially when people gather in large numbers.
2) Perintah Nabi untuk mandi pada hari Jumat mengandung penjelasan tentang perhatian agama terhadap kesucian dan kebersihan di tempat-tempat perkumpulan manusia.
3) He who fails to take a bath on Friday has neglected something due on him, but his prayer is valid. The bath is not a requirement for the validity of prayer; rather, it is due upon those going to attend it.
3) Siapa yang tidak mandi pada hari Jumat, maka dia telah melalaikan apa yang diwajibkan atasnya, sedangkan salatnya tetap sah karena mandi bukan syarat sah salat, melainkan ia diwajibkan dengan tujuan menghadiri salat Jumat.
1154/8 - Salmān (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Messenger of Allah (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) said: “If a man takes a bath on Friday, purifies himself as much as he can, oils his hair or applies of his perfume, sets forth for the mosque, does not separate two people (to make a seat for himself), performs prayer as prescribed for him, remains silent when the Imām speaks, then his sins between that Friday and the following Friday will certainly be forgiven.”
8/1154- Salmān -raḍiyallāhu 'anhu- berkata, Rasulullah -ṣallallāhu 'alaihi wa sallam- bersabda, "Tidaklah seorang laki-laki mandi pada hari Jumat dan membersihkan diri semaksimal mungkin, memakai minyak wanginya atau memakai minyak wangi keluarganya, kemudian dia keluar dan tidak memisahkan antara dua orang, kemudian dia melaksanakan salat yang telah ditetapkan baginya, kemudian dia diam ketika imam berkhotbah, kecuali akan diampuni dosa-dosanya di antara Jumat tersebut dan Jumat berikutnya." (HR. Bukhari)
1) It is recommended to purify oneself in a perfect manner on Friday. That is the Prophet’s guidance.
1) Anjuran menyempurnakan kebersihan pada hari Jumat serta memperhatikannya karena hal itu termasuk petunjuk Nabi yang penuh berkah.
2) It is recommended to apply perfume on Friday. According to the Shariah etiquettes, a Muslim ought to smell good, especially when in a gathering.
2) Anjuran memakai minyak wangi pada hari Jumat, dan ini termasuk adab agama sehingga akan tercium dari seorang muslim aroma yang baik pada tempat-tempat perkumpulan manusia.
3) The supererogatory prayer before the Friday prayer has no limit. A person may offer as many Rak‘ahs as he wishes, until the Imām begins the sermon.
3) Salat sunah sebelum salat Jumat tidak dibatasi dengan jumlah tertentu, tetapi seorang hamba diperbolehkan mengerjakan salat sunah sebanyak-banyaknya hingga imam mulai berkhotbah.
1155/9 - Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Messenger of Allah (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) said: “Whoever performs a ritual bath on Friday and then goes to the mosque in the first part of time (i.e. early), it is as if he sacrificed a camel; if he goes in the second part of time, it is as if he sacrificed a cow; if he goes in the third part of time, it is as if he sacrificed a horned ram; if he goes in the fourth part of time, it is as if he sacrificed a hen; and if he goes in the fifth part of time, it is as if he sacrificed an egg; and when the Imām comes out, the angels attend to listen to Dhikr.” [Narrated by Al-Bukhāri and Muslim]
9/1155- Abu Hurairah -raḍiyallāhu 'anhu- meriwayatkan, bahwa Rasulullah -ṣallallāhu 'alaihi wa sallam- bersabda, "Siapa yang mandi di hari Jumat seperti mandi janabah kemudian berangkat di awal waktu, maka seolah-olah ia berkurban unta. Siapa yang berangkat di waktu kedua, seolah-olah ia berkurban seekor sapi. Siapa yang berangkat di waktu ketiga, seolah-olah ia berkurban seekor kambing bertanduk. Siapa yang berangkat di waktu keempat, maka seolah-olah ia berkurban seekor ayam. Siapa yang berangkat di waktu kelima, maka seolah-olah ia berkurban sebutir telur. Lalu apabila imam telah keluar (naik mimbar), para malaikat pun hadir untuk mendengarkan khotbah." (Muttafaq 'Alaih)
His words “a ritual bath” mean a bath like that taken to remove ritual impurity (Ghusl).
Sabda beliau, "Guslal-janābah" artinya: dia mandi seperti tata cara mandi janabah.
1) Rewards differ on Friday according to the time in which a person goes to the mosque. The earlier he attends, the greater his reward.
1) Perbedaan tingkat pahala pada hari Jumat sesuai dengan tingkat kesegeraan mendatangi salat Jumat; semakin seorang hamba berusaha untuk lebih bersegera maka dia akan mendapatkan pahala yang besar.
2) The bath on Friday is like a ritual bath (Ghusl), but it is recommended to delay it till shortly before going to the mosque.
2) Tata cara mandi Jumat seperti tata cara mandi janabah, tetapi dianjurkan agar diakhirkan hingga menjelang waktu berangkat salat Jumat.
1156/10 - He also reported that the Prophet (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) talked about Friday and said: “There is a time in it (meaning Friday) at which a Muslim, while he is standing in prayer and supplicating Allah, will be granted whatever he is asking for.” He gestured with his hand to indicate that this time is short. [Narrated by Al-Bukhāri and Muslim]
10/1156- Juga dari Abu Hurairah -raḍiyallāhu 'anhu-, bahwa Rasulullah -ṣallallāhu 'alaihi wa sallam- menyebutkan tentang hari Jumat, lalu bersabda, "Pada hari itu terdapat satu waktu, tidaklah seorang muslim mendapatkan waktu itu sementara dia sedang berdoa untuk meminta sesuatu kepada Allah, kecuali Allah akan memberikannya." Dan beliau memberi isyarat dengan tangannya bahwa waktu tersebut sangat sebentar. (Muttafaq 'Alaih)
1157/11 - Abu Burdah ibn Abi Mūsa al-Ash‘ari (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: ‘Abdullāh ibn ‘Umar (may Allah be pleased with him and his father) said: “Did you hear your father report something from the Prophet (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) regarding the hour on Friday?” I said: “Yes, I heard him say: ‘I heard the Messenger of Allah (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) say: ‘It extends from the time the Imām sits down till the prayer is over.’” [Narrated by Muslim]
11/1157- Abu Burdah bin Abu Mūsā Al-Asy'ariy -raḍiyallāhu 'anhu- berkata, Abdullah bin Umar -raḍiyallāhu 'anhumā- berkata, "Apakah engkau pernah mendengar ayahmu meriwayatkan dari Rasulullah -ṣallallāhu 'alaihi wa sallam- hadis tentang waktu mustajab di hari Jumat?" Aku (Abu Burdah) menjawab, "Ya. Aku telah mendengar ayahku meriwayatkan: Aku telah mendengar Rasulullah -ṣallallāhu 'alaihi wa sallam- bersabda, Waktu itu ialah antara imam duduk (di mimbar) hingga salat Jumat selesai.'" (HR. Muslim)
1) One of the merits of Friday is that it has a time in which supplications are readily answered.
1) Di antara keistimewaan hari Jumat adalah di dalamnya terdapat waktu dikabulkannya doa.
2) The time in which supplications are readily answered on Friday is short and unspecified so that people would strive and supplicate a lot on this day in hope that their supplication coincides with this hour.
2) Waktu mustajab pada hari Jumat sangat sebentar dan tidak dibatasai dengan waktu tertentu yang meyakinkan, sebab itu, seorang hamba harus bersungguh-sungguh dalam memperbanyak doa pada hari Jumat demi mendapatkan waktu tersebut.
The authentic Hadīths on the hour during Friday in which supplications are readily answered indicate that it is the latter part of time after the ‘Asr (afternoon) prayer. The last Hadīth cited above says about it: “It extends from the time the Imām sits down till the prayer is over.” The scholars of Hadīth considered the attribution of this wording to the Prophet (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) as inauthentic; rather, it is the statement of Ibn ‘Umar (may Allah be pleased with him and his father).
Hadis-hadis yang sahih tentang waktu mustajab di hari Jumat setelah disinkronkan menunjukkan bahwa waktu tersebut ialah di waktu terakhir setelah asar. Sedangkan hadis terakhir yang menerangkan bahwa waktu tersebut, "Antara imam duduk (di mimbar) hingga salat Jumat selesai," maka hadis dengan redaksi ini telah didaifkan penisbahannya kepada Rasulullah -ṣallallāhu 'alaihi wa sallam- oleh para ulama hadis . Sehingga hadis ini tidak sahih dari perkataan Nabi -ṣallallāhu 'alaihi wa sallam-, melainkan ia hanya ucapan Abdullah bin Umar -raḍiyallāhu 'anhumā- secara mauqūf.
1158/12 - Aws ibn Aws (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Messenger of Allah (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) said: “Indeed, Friday is one of your best days. So, invoke Allah’s blessings upon me in it a lot, for your invocations are presented to me.” [Narrated by Abu Dawūd, with an authentic chain of narration]
12/1158- Aus bin Aus -raḍiyallāhu 'anhu- berkata, Rasulullah -ṣallallāhu 'alaihi wa sallam- bersabda, "Sesungguhnya di antara hari terbaik kalian adalah hari Jumat. Maka perbanyaklah selawat kepadaku pada hari itu, karena selawat kalian akan diperlihatkan kepadaku." (HR. Abu Daud dengan sanad sahih)
1) Invoking Allah’s blessings upon the Prophet (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) is among the recommended acts of worship to be performed often during the day and eve of Friday.
1) Selawat kepada Nabi -ṣallallāhu 'alaihi wa sallam- termasuk ibadah yang dianjurkan untuk diperbanyak pada siang hari dan malam Jumat.
2) Invoking Allah’s blessings upon the Prophet (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) brings a great reward. Indeed, we need to invoke Allah’s blessings upon the Prophet, so that we can win Allah’s blessings upon us.
2) Selawat kepada Rasul -ṣallallāhu 'alaihi wa sallam- mengandung pahala yang besar bagi hamba, karena kita butuh kepada selawat ini supaya kita mendapatkan selawat Allah -Ta'ālā- kepada kita.
1) When the believers invoke Allah’s blessings upon the Prophet, this means that they supplicate Allah to praise him among the highest company of angels, who are close to Him.
1) Makna selawat orang beriman kepada Rasulullah -ṣallallāhu 'alaihi wa sallam- ialah mendoakan beliau agar Allah memujinya di hadapan para malaikat mulia yang didekatkan.
2) When a person wants to invoke Allah’s blessings upon the Prophet, he should choose one of the wordings occurring in the Qur’an or the Sunnah. These are good and sufficient. It is not permissible for him to use one of the wordings contrived by people which sometime have inappropriate meanings.
2) Disyariatkan agar seorang hamba ketika memberi selawat dan salam kepada Nabi hendaklah memilih redaksi selawat yang ada dalilnya dalam nas-nas agama; Al-Qur`ān dan Sunnah Nabi -ṣallallāhu 'alaihi wa sallam-, karena di dalamnya telah terdapat kecukupan. Dan tidak diperbolehkan memaksakan diri membuat lafal-lafal selawat yang bidah dan -kadang-kadang- mungkar dari sisi maknanya.
Indeed, all goodness lies in following the righteous predecessors; and all evil lies in the religious innovations introduced by those who came later.
Semua kebaikan ada pada mengikuti generasi salaf, dan semua keburukan ada pada mengikuti bidahnya generasi khalaf.