1254/1 - Abu Ayyūb (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Messenger of Allah (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) said: “Whoever fasts Ramadan and then follows it up with six days in Shawwāl, it is as if he has fasted the entire year.” [Narrated by Muslim]
1/1254- Abu Ayyūb -raḍiyallāhu 'anhu- meriwayatkan bahwasanya Rasulullah -ṣallallāhu 'alaihi wa sallam- bersabda, "Siapa yang berpuasa Ramadan kemudian melanjutkannya dengan puasa enam hari di bulan Syawal, maka yang demikian itu seperti puasa setahun." (HR. Muslim)
1) A good deed is rewarded with ten times as much. So, the fasting of Ramadan is equal to ten months. The six days in Shawwāl equal sixty days, namely two months. This adds up to a whole year.
1) Kebaikan dilipatgandakan sepuluh kali lipat; yaitu puasa Ramadan setara dengan sepuluh bulan dan enam hari di bulan Syawal setara dengan enam puluh hari atau dua bulan, sehingga yang demikian itu seperti puasa satu tahun penuh.
2) It states the promised reward for those who fast the entire Ramadan along with six days in Shawwāl even if the six days were not in succession.
2) Pahala yang dijanjikan dalam hadis ini ialah bagi orang yang telah berpuasa Ramadan secara sempurna kemudian dilanjutkan dengan enam hari di bulan Syawal walaupun terpisah-pisah.
Some scholars said that a person may not fast the six days in Shawwāl before he has made up for any fast he missed during Ramadan for a valid reason. This is because the reward in the Hadīth is promised to he who fasts all of Ramadan and then fasts six days in Shawwāl.
Sebagian ulama berkata, "Puasa enam hari di bulan Syawal tidak dikerjakan sebelum mengada utang Ramadan bagi orang yang tidak berpuasa karena suatu uzur, karena pahala tersebut diberikan bagi orang yang telah berpuasa Ramadan secara sempurna kemudian melanjutkannya dengan enam hari di bulan Syawal."
Other scholars said, however, that it is permissible to fast the six days in Shawwāl before making up for any missed fast in Ramadan, based on the following statement by ‘Ā’ishah (may Allah be pleased with her): “I used to have missed days of fast in Ramadan, and I would not be able to make up for them except in Sha‘bān.” Yahya, a sub-narrator, said: “Her preoccupation was with the Prophet (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him).” [Narrated by Al-Bukhāri]
Sebagian yang lain berkata, "Diperbolehkan mengerjakan puasa enam hari di bulan Syawal sekalipun belum mengada hari yang ditinggalkannya di bulan Ramadan, berdasarkan perkataan Aisyah -raḍiyallāhu 'anhā-, Dahulu aku berhutang puasa Ramadan, lalu aku tidak bisa mengadanya kecuali pada bulan Syakban.' Yaḥyā -salah satu perawi- berkata, 'Yaitu karena ia sibuk melayani Nabi -ṣallallāhu 'alaihi wa sallam-.'" (HR. Bukhari)
They said: ‘Ā’ishah (may Allah be pleased with her) did so in the presence of the Prophet (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him), and it is unlikely that the Mother of the Believers - the knowledgeable and pious person - would fail to fast the six days in Shawwāl.
Mereka berkata, "Hal ini telah dilakukan oleh Aisyah dengan sepengetahuan Nabi -ṣallallāhu 'alaihi wa sallam-. Dan sangat jauh kemungkinan bila Ummul-Mu`minīn -yang merupakan sosok ulama yang mengamalkan ilmunya- tidak berpuasa enam hari di bulan Syawal.
Moreover, it is part of the Shariah’s ease and facilitation that it allows us to delay making up for the missed fast of Ramadan, and Allah knows best.
Lagi pula, mengakhirkan kada puasa Ramadan adalah kemudahan dari syariat Islam. Wallāhu a'lam."