Allah Almighty says: {so compete with one another in good deeds} [Al-Baqarah: 148] Allah Almighty also says: {And hasten towards forgiveness from your Lord and a Paradise as wide as the heavens and earth, prepared for the righteous} [Āl ‘Imrān: 133]
Allah -Ta'ālā- berfirman, "Maka berlomba-lombalah kamu dalam kebaikan." (QS. Al-Baqarah: 148) Allah -Ta'ālā- juga berfirman, "Dan bersegeralah kamu mencari ampunan dari Rabb-mu dan mendapatkan surga yang luasnya seluas langit dan bumi yang disediakan bagi orang-orang yang bertakwa." (QS. Ali 'Imrān: 133)
1) They urge racing to do good deeds without delaying them because they could be missed.
1) Bersegera melakukan kebaikan dan tidak menunda-nunda amal saleh agar tidak terlambat.
2) One of the traits of pious people is their eagerness towards the Hereafter and hastening to gain the pleasure of Allah, Glorified and Exalted, by asking for His forgiveness and commitment to acts of obedience.
2) Di antara sifat orang yang bertakwa adalah bersegera kepada negeri akhirat dan meraih rida Allah -'Azza wa Jalla- dengan beristigfar dan melakukan ketaatan.
87/1 - First: Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Prophet (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) said: “Hasten to do good deeds before being overtaken by tribulations that are like parts of the dark night. A man would be a believer in the morning and turn to a disbeliever in the evening, or he would be a believer in the evening and turn to a disbeliever in the morning. He sells his religion for a worldly gain.” [Narrated by Muslim]
1/87- Pertama: Abu Hurairah -raḍiyallāhu 'anhu- meriwayatkan, bahwa Rasulullah ṣallallāhu 'alaihi wa sallam bersabda, "Bersegeralah untuk beramal (saleh) sebelum datang berbagai fitnah seperti potongan-potongan malam yang gelap, di mana pada pagi hari seseorang beriman namun di sore hari ia menjadi kafir, dan pada sore hari ia beriman namun di pagi hari ia kafir, ia menjual agamanya dengan harta dunia." (HR. Muslim)
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بَادِرُوا بالأَعْمَالِ: bersegeralah kepada amal saleh. عَرَض: harta.
1) It shows the obligation of holding firm onto religion and hastening to do good deeds before any hindrances or obstacles stand in the way of doing them unexpectedly.
1) Kewajiban berpegang teguh dengan agama serta bersegera melakukan amal saleh sebelum datang penghalang dan rintangan-rintangan.
2) It warns against falling into tribulations, because they plant doubt in one’s religion and weakness in faith.
2) Peringatan agar tidak jatuh dalam fitnah, karena fitnah akan mendatangkan bagi hamba keraguan dalam agama dan kelemahan iman.
3) It urges adherence to knowledge and to action based on that knowledge, because they protect the individual at the time of tribulations.
3) Anjuran untuk berilmu dan beramal karena keduanya menjadi benteng pada zaman fitnah.
88/2- Second: Abu Sirwa‘ah ‘Uqbah ibn al-Hārith (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: “I offered the ‘Asr prayer behind the Prophet (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) at Madīnah. When he finished the prayer with Taslīm, he got up hurriedly and went out crossing the rows of the people to one of the dwellings of his wives. The people were startled at his speed. He later came out and, finding them surprised at his haste, he said to them: “I recalled that there was some gold (meant for charity) left with us; I did not like to keep it any longer, so I gave orders that it should be distributed.” [Narrated by Al-Bukhāri]
2/88- Kedua: Abu Sirwa'ah -boleh juga Abu Sarwa'ah- 'Uqbah bin Al-Ḥāriṡ -raḍiyallāhu 'anhu- berkata, Aku salat Asar di belakang Nabi -ṣallallāhu 'alaihi wa sallam- di Madinah. Beliau kemudian bersalam dan tergesa-gesa bangkit. Beliau melangkahi para sahabat menuju kamar sebagian istrinya. Orang-orang pun merasa cemas melihat ketergesaan beliau. Lalu beliau kembali lagi kepada mereka dan melihat mereka keheranan akibat ketergesaan beliau. Beliau bersabda, "Aku teringat sebuah emas yang ada pada kami, dan aku tidak mau bila batang emas itu menahanku. Lantas Aku pun memerintahkan agar dibagikan." (HR. Bukhari)
In another version also narrated by Al-Bukhāri: “I have left pieces of gold belonging to charity in my house, and I disliked keeping them overnight.”
Dalam riwayat Bukhari yang lain: "Aku meninggalkan sebatang emas dari harta sedekah di rumah, dan aku tidak mau bila sampai menginapkannya (tidak dibagikan)."
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التِّبْر (at-tibr): potongan emas atau perak.
1) It urges hastening to do good deeds, deliver people’s rights, and avoid negligence in this regard.
1) Bersegera melakukan kebaikan, menunaikan hak kepada yang berhak menerimanya serta tidak meremehkannya.
2) It shows the care of the Prophet (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) to do good deeds and his hastening to deliver trusts to their rightful owners. So, adhere to the guidance of your Prophet (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) and hold on to his Sunnah because all forms of good lie in his guidance whereas all forms of evil lie in following [ill] personal desires.
2) Antusiasme Nabi -ṣallallāhu 'alaihi wa sallam- untuk melakukan kebaikan serta bersegera untuk menunaikan amanah kepada pemiliknya. Maka ikutilah petunjuk Nabi -ṣallallāhu 'alaihi wa sallam- dan berpegangteguhlah dengan Sunnah beliau. Karena kebaikan seluruhnya ada dalam petunjuk beliau, dan keburukan seluruhnya ada pada orang yang mengikuti hawa nafsunya.
3) It shows the attentiveness of the Companions (may Allah be pleased with them) to follow the sayings and actions of the Prophet (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him), which is among their merits.
3) Perhatian para sahabat -raḍiyallāhu 'anhum- dalam mempelajari ucapan dan perbuatan Nabi ṣallallāhu 'alaihi wa sallam; ini termasuk keutamaan mereka.
89/3- Third: Jābir (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: “A man asked the Prophet (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) during the Battle of Uhud: ‘If I am killed, where do you think I would be?’ He (the Prophet) replied: ‘In Paradise.’ So the man threw some dates that were in his hand and fought until he was killed.” [Narrated by Al-Bukhāri and Muslim]
3/89- Ketiga: Jābir -raḍiyallāhu 'anhu- berkata, "Seorang laki-laki bertanya kepada Nabi -ṣallallāhu 'alaihi wa sallam- pada saat Perang Uhud, 'Kabarkan kepadaku, jika aku terbunuh, di manakah aku?' Beliau menjawab, 'Di Surga.' Maka laki-laki itu segera membuang kurma yang ada di tangannya, lalu berperang hingga gugur." (Muttafaq 'Alaih)
1) It manifests the Companions keenness and hastening to do good deeds, and their commitment to the affairs of their religion and their afterlife.
1) Semangat para sahabat -raḍiyallahu 'anhum- serta bersegeranya mereka melakukan amal saleh dan perhatian mereka kepada urusan agama dan akhirat mereka.
2) It promises Paradise for the one who is killed for the sake of Allah.
2) Kabar gembira bagi orang yang gugur di jalan Allah, yaitu dia dijanjikan surga.
3) Nothing should fully concern the Muslim more than his final destination on the Day of Judgment, either to Paradise or to Hellfire. So, be keen on doing what draws you closer to Paradise while distancing you from Hellfire.
3) Hal terpenting yang diperhatikan oleh seorang muslim adalah masa depannya di hari Kiamat, apakah ke surga atau neraka. Maka bersemangatlah kepada apa yang akan mendekatkanmu kepada surga dan menjauhkanmu dari neraka.
90/4- Fourth: Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: “A man came to the Prophet (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) and asked: ‘O Messenger of Allah! Which charity earns the greatest reward?’ He answered: ‘That you give charity when you are healthy and miserly, fearing poverty and hoping to become rich. Do not delay charity until your soul reaches up to the throat, and then you say: This is for so-and-so and this is for so-and-so. Lo, it has already come into the possession of so-and-so.’” [Narrated by Al-Bukhāri and Muslim]
4/90- Keempat: Abu Hurairah -raḍiyallāhu 'anhu- berkata, Seorang laki-laki datang kepada Nabi -ṣallallāhu 'alaihi wa sallam- seraya bertanya, "Wahai Rasulullah! Sedekah apakah yang paling besar pahalanya?" Beliau bersabda, "Yaitu engkau bersedekah pada saat sehat dan kikir, saat engkau takut miskin dan berangan-angan kaya. Janganlah engkau menunda-nunda sedekah, hingga ketika nyawa telah sampai di tenggorokan, kamu baru berkata, 'Untuk si polan sekian dan untuk si polan sekian, padahal harta itu telah (berpindah) menjadi hak si polan (ahli waris).'" (Muttafaq 'Alaih)
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الْحُلْقُوم (al-ḥulqūm): saluran nafas. الْمَرِيءُ (al-marī`): saluran makanan dan minuman.
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الشّحّ (asy-syuḥḥ): pelit yang disertai rakus.
1) The individual must hasten to do good deeds before death surprises him.
1) Kewajiban hamba agar bersegera melakukan amal saleh sebelum kematian datang.
2) Giving out charity during healthiness is superior to giving it out during sickness.
2) Sedekah ketika sehat lebih afdal daripada sedekah ketika sakit.
91/5- Fifth: Anas (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Messenger of Allah (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) took hold of a sword on the Day of Uhud and said: “Who would take this from me?” All of them stretched their hands, each saying: “Me, me.” He (Allah’s Messenger) said: “Who would take it in order to fulfill its rights?” Thereupon, the people withdrew their hands. Abu Dujānah, however, said: “I take it to fulfill its rights.” So he took it and struck the heads of the polytheists with it. [Narrated by Muslim]
5/91- Kelima: Anas -raḍiyallāhu 'anhu- meriwayatkan bahwasanya Rasulullah -ṣallallāhu 'alaihi wa sallam- mengambil sebuah pedang pada waktu perang Uhud, kemudian beliau bertanya, "Siapakah yang siap menerima pedang ini dariku?" Maka para sahabat menjulurkan tangan mereka, setiap orang di antara mereka berkata, "Aku. Aku." Beliau bertanya, "Siapakah yang siap mengambilnya dengan menunaikan haknya?" Maka orang-orang itu menarik diri. Lalu Abu Dujānah -raḍiyallāhu 'anhu- berkata, "Aku yang siap menerimanya dengan menunaikan haknya." Lantas dia mengambilnya, lalu membelah kepala orang-orang musyrik dengannya. (HR. Muslim)
Abu Dujānah’s full name is: Simāk ibn Kharshah. -- -- --
Nama Abu Dujānah: Simāk bin Kharsyah. Ucapan Anas: (أَحْجَمَ الْقَوْمُ), maksudnya mereka diam. (فَلَقَ بهِ): membelah. هَامَ الْمُشْرِكينَ: kepala orang-orang musyrikin.
1) It shows the good care the Prophet (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) gave to his Companions (may Allah be pleased with them), as he did not favor one of them with the sword but rather made it a matter of competition among them all in general, in order to find the best man for the task at hand.
1) Bagusnya kepemimpinan Nabi -ṣallallāhu 'alaihi wa sallam- kepada sahabat-sahabat beliau; yaitu beliau tidak mengkhususkan pedang tersebut kepada salah satu mereka, tetapi beliau menjadikan perkara tersebut sebagai ajang perlombaan bagi semua sahabat, hingga beliau menemukan laki-laki yang tepat pada tempat yang tepat.
2) It reflects the bravery of Abu Dujānah (may Allah be pleased with him) and his sacrifice and sincerity in Jihad.
2) Menjelaskan keberanian Abu Dujānah -raḍiyallāhu 'anhu- serta pengorbanan dan ketulusannya ketika berjihad.
3) The individual should not approach an act of worship with laziness or consider its performance beyond his capability. Instead, he must seek the help of Allah, rely on Him, and hasten to do good deeds without hesitation or doubt.
3) Seorang hamba seharusnya tidak bersikap malas atau menganggap amalan ibadah sulit dilakukan, tetapi hendaklah dia memohon pertolongan kepada Allah, bertawakal kepada-Nya, dan bersegera melakukan kebaikan tanpa ada keraguan.
The reaction of the Companions (may Allah be pleased with him) should not be misconstrued as cowardliness or fear, because they were reluctant to take the sword out of fearing failure to fulfill their promise to the Messenger of Allah (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him). This implies their utmost piety and respect of promises and the rights of their Prophet (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him).
Sikap para sahabat -raḍiyallāhu 'anhum- di sini tidak menunjukkan rasa takut atau pengecut. Mereka diam tidak mengambil pedang tersebut karena sifat warak mereka, yakni mereka khawatir tidak mampu memenuhi persyaratan mereka bersama Rasulullah -ṣallallāhu 'alaihi wa sallam-. Hal ini, bila menunjukkan sesuatu maka dia menunjukkan sejauh mana sifat warak mereka serta sikap penghargaan terhadap janji dan hak nabi mereka -'alaihi aṣ-ṣalātu was-salām-.
92/6- Sixth: Al-Zubayr ibn ‘Ady reported: We went to Anas ibn Mālik (may Allah be pleased with him) and complained to him about the suffering we were experiencing at the hands of al-Hajjāj. So he said: “Be patient, for no time will come upon you but the one that follows it will be worse than it until you meet your Lord. I heard it from your Prophet (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him.” [Narrated by Al-Bukhāri]
6/92- Keenam: Az-Zubair bin 'Adiy mengabarkan, Kami datang kepada Anas bin Malik -raḍiyallāhu 'anhu- lalu mengeluhkan kekejaman yang kami hadapi dari Al-Ḥajjāj, maka dia berkata, "Bersabarlah! Sungguh, tidaklah datang kepada kalian suatu zaman melainkan yang setelahnya lebih buruk darinya, hingga kalian berjumpa dengan Tuhan kalian. Aku telah mendengar itu dari nabi kalian -ṣallallāhu 'alaihi wa sallam-." (HR. Bukhari)
1) It shows the obligation of patience in the face of the rulers even if they were oppressors and tyrants.
1) Kewajiban bersabar terhadap para penguasa sekalipun mereka berbuat zalim dan lalim.
2) It prescribes adherence to acts of obedience to Allah during times of tribulations because they are the protectors against the tribulations.
2) Melakukan ketaatan ketika masa fitnah, karena ketaatan akan menjadi benteng dari fitnah-fitnah tersebut.
Guidance of people during times of tribulation is the task of godly and committed scholars. People must listen to what scholars instruct during times of tribulation and adversity because they are the most knowledgeable of Sharia, the status quo, and the conditions of the people. Allah Almighty says: {If they referred it to the Messenger or to those in authority among them, those with sound judgment among them could know it.} [Surat an-Nisā’: 83]
Pengarahan kepada manusia ketika masa fitnah adalah menjadi tugas para ulama rabani. Orang beriman wajib meminta arahan para ulama yang mereka tetapkan dalam masalah fitnah dan persoalan kontemporer. Karena merekalah yang paling paham tentang agama, realitas, dan keadaan manusia. Allah -Ta'ālā- berfirman, "(Padahal) apabila mereka menyerahkannya kepada Rasul dan Ulil-Amri di antara mereka, tentulah orang-orang yang ingin mengetahui kebenarannya (akan dapat) mengetahuinya (secara resmi) dari mereka (Rasul dan Ulil-Amri)." (QS. An-Nisa`: 83)
93/7- Seventh: Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Prophet (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) said: “Hasten to good deeds before seven [afflictions]! Are you waiting for poverty to make you oblivious? Or wealth to turn you into an oppressor? Or debilitating illness? Or hoary senility? Or sudden death? Or the Antichrist – what a loathsome wait! Or the Hour [of Resurrection]? Indeed, the Hour is hardest to bear and most bitter!” [Narrated by Al-Tirmidhi; he classified it as Hasan (sound)] [5]
7/93- Ketujuh: Abu Hurairah -raḍiyallāhu 'anhu- meriwayatkan bahwa Rasulullah -ṣallallāhu 'alaihi wa sallam- pernah bersabda, "Bersegeralah melakukan amal saleh sebelum datang tujuh perkara. Apakah kalian mesti menunggu kemiskinan yang dapat melupakan, kecukupan yang dapat berakibat melampaui batas, sakit yang dapat merusak, usia tua yang melemahkan, kematian yang menyergap tiba-tiba, Dajal yang merupakan seburuk-buruk makhluk gaib yang ditunggu, ataukah kiamat, padahal kiamat itu lebih dahsyat dan lebih pahit!" (HR. Tirmizi dan dia berkata, "Hadisnya hasan") [5]
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مُطْغِيًا (muṭgiyan): membawa pemiliknya untuk melampaui batas dalam dosa.
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مُفْنِدًأ (mufnidan): mengakibatkan jatuh dalam ucapan yang menyimpang dari kebenaran.
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مُجْهِزًا (mujhizan): mematikan dengan cepat. أَدْهَى (adhā): lebih besar keburukannya.
1) The Hadīth provides the most telling of examples about significant distractions keeping the individual away from doing good so that he can steer away from them and do what benefits him.
1) Memberi contoh dengan penghalang paling besar yang dapat memalingkan hamba dari kebaikan dan ketaatan, agar dia menghindarinya dan menyibukkan dirinya dengan yang bermanfaat baginya.
2) It urges taking advantage of the times of having good health and leisure time and not many temptations and distractions to do more of the good deeds.
2) Memaksimalkan waktu sehat, waktu luang, dan saat sedikitnya fitnah dan kesibukan untuk memperbanyak ketaatan dan perbuatan baik.
3) The Antichrist is the most serious trial and temptation that all the Prophets (peace be upon them) warned against.
3) Dajal adalah fitnah paling besar yang pernah diperingatkan oleh para nabi -ṣallallāhu 'alaihim wa sallam-.
94/8 - Eighth: He also reported that the Prophet (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) said during the Battle of Khaybar: “I shall give this banner to a man who loves Allah and His Messenger, and Allah will grant victory at his hands.” ‘Umar ibn al-Khattāb (may Allah be pleased with him) said: “Never did I wish for leadership but on that day. I came before him with the hope that I might be called for this,” but the Messenger of Allah (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) called ‘Ali ibn abi Tālib and he handed over the banner to him, saying: “Proceed and do not turn around until Allah grants you victory.” ‘Ali proceeded for a short distance then halted and, without turning around, shouted saying: “O Messenger of Allah, on what issue should I fight with the people?” Thereupon, he (the Prophet) said: “Fight them until they bear witness that there is no god but Allah and that Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah. If they do that then their blood and their riches are inviolable from your hands except for what is justified by law, and their reckoning is with Allah.” [Narrated by Muslim]
8/94- Kedelapan: Masih dari riwayat Abu Hurairah -raḍiyallāhu 'anhu- bahwa Rasulullah ṣallallāhu 'alaihi wa sallam bersabda ketika peristiwa perang Khaibar, "Sungguh aku akan menyerahkan bendera ini kepada seorang laki-laki yang mencintai Allah dan Rasul-Nya, dan Allah akan memberikan kemenangan dengan tangannya." Umar -raḍiyallāhu 'anhu- berkata, "Belum pernah aku menginginkan kekuasaan kecuali hari itu. Aku menampakkan diri dengan harapan akan dipanggil untuk itu. Lantas Rasulullah -ṣallallāhu 'alaihi wa sallam- memanggil Ali bin Abi Ṭālib -raḍiyallāhu 'anhu- dan menyerahkannya kepadanya. Beliau bersabda, "Berjalanlah. Jangan engkau menoleh hingga Allah memberimu kemenangan." Ali berjalan beberapa langkah, kemudian berhenti tetapi tidak menoleh. Lalu dia mengangkat suara, "Wahai Rasulullah! Atas dasar apa aku memerangi orang-orang itu?" Beliau menjawab, "Perangilah mereka hingga bersyahadat 'Lā ilāha illallāh, Muḥammad rasūlullāh'. Bila mereka telah melakukannya, mereka telah melindungi darah dan harta mereka kecuali dengan haknya, dan perhitangn hisab mereka di tangan Allah." (HR. Muslim)
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(فَتَسَاوَرْت) maksudnya, aku melompat menampakkan diri.
1) The Companions (may Allah be pleased with them) disliked rulership due to the accountability it involves.
1) Para sahabat -raḍiyallāhu 'anhum- tidak menginginkan kekuasaan karena beratnya tanggung jawab yang ada padanya.
2) It shows how they rushed to obey the command of the Messenger of Allah (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him), which is an aspect of hastening to do good deeds.
2) Bersegera melaksanakan perintah Rasulullah -ṣallallāhu 'alaihi wa sallam- termasuk bersegera kepada kebaikan dan ketaatan.
3) It reflects the Companions’ compliance and hastening to apply the recommendations of the Messenger of Allah (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) without much questioning. We must follow the Messenger (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) in submission to Allah, Glorified and Exalted. We should also read the biographies of the Companions (may Allah be pleased with them) and follow their example and behavior [towards the commands of] the Book and Sunnah, because it is the sign of success for this nation. Indeed, nothing would reform the later generations of this nation except what reformed its earlier generations.
3) Besarnya komitmen para sahabat -raḍiyallāhu 'anhum- terhadap wasiat-wasiat Rasulullah -ṣallallāhu 'alaihi wa sallam- serta kesegeraan mereka melaksanakannya tanpa banyak bertanya dan melakukan interupsi. Kita wajib mengikuti Rasulullah -ṣallallāhu 'alaihi wa sallam- dengan penuh tunduk dan taat kepada Allah -'Azza wa Jalla- dalam hal itu serta meniti jalan dan jejak para sahabat bersama Al-Qur`ān dan Sunnah. Inilah kunci kesuksesan umat. Tidak akan baik urusan akhir umat ini kecuali dengan perkara yang menjadikan baik generasi pertama.