Allah Almighty says: {Indeed, We sent this [Qur’an] down in the Night of Decree.} [Surat al-Qadr: 1] To the end of the Sūrah. He also says: {Indeed, We sent it down in a blessed night. Indeed, We were to warn [mankind].} [Surat ad-Dukhān: 3]
Allah -Ta'ālā- berfirman, "Sesungguhnya Kami telah menurunkannya (Al-Qur`ān) pada malam lailatulkadar." (QS. Al-Qadr: 1) Hingga akhir surah. Allah -Ta'ālā- juga berfirman, "Sesungguhnya Kami menurunkannya pada malam yang diberkahi." (QS. Ad-Dukhān: 3)
The Night of Qadr is called as such in recognition of its high status (Arabic term for status is: Qadr). Also, because the yearly decrees of the creation are determined in it (Arabic term for decree is: Qadar). Allah Almighty has exclusively provided the Muslim Ummah with this night out of mercy towards them and in honor of their Prophet. Compensating for their short life terms, He has given them certain days and nights in which rewards are greatly multiplied. One of these is the Night of Qadr.
Lailatulkadar; dinamakan demikian karena keagungan kedudukannya, dan karena pada malam itu ditetapkan takdir makhluk selama satu tahun ke depan. Malam ini Allah -Ta'ālā- istimewakan untuk umat Nabi Muhammad sebagai rahmat bagi mereka dan pemuliaan bagi nabi mereka -ṣallallāhu 'alaihi wa sallam-, yaitu Allah memberikan mereka ganti terhadap umur mereka yang pendek dengan hari-hari dan malam-malam yang padanya pahala amalan mereka dilipatgandakan, seperti malam lailatulkadar.
1189/1 - Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Prophet (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) said: “He who offers Qiyām during the Night of Qadr, faithfully and expecting its reward from Allah, will have his past sins forgiven.” [Narrated by Al-Bukhāri and Muslim]
1/1189- Abu Hurairah -raḍiyallāhu 'anhu- meriwayatkan dari Nabi -ṣallallāhu 'alaihi wa sallam- bahwa beliau bersabda, "Siapa yang salat pada malam lailatulkadar karena iman dan mengharap pahala, maka diampuni dosa-dosanya yang telah lalu." (Muttafaq 'Alaih)
1) It encourages us to perform Qiyām in the Night of Qadr out of faith in Allah Almighty and in pursuit of reward from Him. This leads to forgiveness of all of a person’s sins.
1) Anjuran untuk melakukan salat di malam lailatulkadar atas dasar iman kepada Allah -Ta'ālā- dan mengharap pahala karena hal itu adalah penyebab adanya pengampunan seluruh dosa hamba.
2) It points out the significance of sincerity to Allah in performing acts of worship. How much a person gets reward depends on how sincere his intention is.
2) Urgensi ikhlas kepada Allah -Ta'ālā- dalam ibadah supaya hamba mendapatkan pahala yang dijanjikan sesuai dengan niatnya.
1190/2 - Ibn ‘Umar (may Allah be pleased with him and his father) reported that some men of the Prophet’s Companions were shown the Night of Qadr in a dream during the last seven nights. Thereupon, the Prophet (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) said: “I see that your dreams have coincided with each other upon the last seven nights. So, whoever seeks it, let him seek it in the last seven nights.” [Narrated by Al-Bukhāri and Muslim]
2/1190- Ibnu Umar -raḍiyallāhu 'anhumā- meriwayatkan bahwa beberapa sahabat Nabi -ṣallallāhu 'alaihi wa sallam- diperlihatkan lailatulkadar dalam mimpi mereka di tujuh malam terakhir, maka Rasulullah -ṣallallāhu 'alaihi wa sallam- bersabda, "Aku melihat mimpi-mimpi kalian itu saling bersesuaian pada tujuh malam terakhir. Maka siapa yang mencari lailatulkadar, carilah pada tujuh malam terakhir." (Muttafaq 'Alaih)
1191/3 - ‘Ā’ishah (may Allah be pleased with her) reported: The Messenger of Allah (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) used to retire (in the mosque) during the last ten nights of Ramadan. He would say: “Seek out the Night of Qadr in the last ten nights of Ramadan.” [Narrated by Al-Bukhāri and Muslim]
3/1191- Aisyah -raḍiyallāhu 'anhā- berkata, Rasulullah -ṣallallāhu 'alaihi wa sallam- biasa beriktikaf di sepuluh malam terakhir Ramadan. Beliau bersabda, "Carilah lailatulkadar di sepuluh malam terakhir bulan Ramadan." (Muttafaq 'Alaih)
1192/4 - She also reported: The Messenger of Allah (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) said: “Seek out the Night of Qadr in the odd nights of the last ten nights of Ramadan.” [Narrated by Al-Bukhāri]
4/1192- Masih dari Aisyah -raḍiyallāhu 'anhā-, bahwa Rasulullah -ṣallallāhu 'alaihi wa sallam- bersabda, "Carilah lailatulkadar pada malam-malam yang ganjil di sepuluh malam terakhir bulan Ramadan." (HR. Bukhari)
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تَوَاطَأَتْ (tawāṭa`at): bersepakat, bersesuaian.
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يجُاوِرُ (yujāwiru): ia beriktikaf, yaitu menetap di masjid untuk beribadah.
1) The Night of Qadr most likely occurs in the odd nights of the last ten days of Ramadan, according to the relevant reports which indicate that it may be the eve of the 21st or the 23rd or the 25th or the 27th or the 29th of Ramadan.
1) Berdasarkan dalil paling kuat tentang penentuannya, lailatulkadar ada pada malam-malam yang ganjil di antara sepuluh malam terakhir, yaitu malam ke-21, 23, 25, 27, dan 29.
2) The Night of Qadr has not been specified for a wise purpose, namely to encourage the believers to compete and strive in worship during the last ten nights.
2) Hikmah dari tidak ditentukannya lailatulkadar dengan satu waktu tertentu adalah agar orang-orang beriman berlomba dalam bersungguh-sungguh beribadah di sepuluh malam terakhir.
The Night of Qadr is not a fixed specific night of Ramadan every year, rather it keeps moving. It may be the eve of the 21st, for example, and in another year it occurs in another eve. This is indicated by the overall Hadīths on this issue.
Lailatulkadar tidak monoton ada di satu malam tertentu di semua tahun pada bulan Ramadan. Tetapi lailatulkadar berpindah-pindah, kadang di malam ke-21 misalnya, dan pada tahun yang lain bisa saja berpindah ke malam yang lain. Hal itu ditunjukkan oleh gabungan riwayat-riwayat yang ada tentang lailatulkadar.
1193/5 - She also reported: “With the start of the last ten days of Ramadan, the Messenger of Allah (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) would pray all night, wake up his family, show diligence (in worship), and tie up his lower garment firmly.” [Narrated by Al-Bukhāri and Muslim]
5/1193- Aisyah -raḍiyallāhu 'anhā- berkata, "Dahulu Rasulullah -ṣallallāhu 'alaihi wa sallam- jika sudah masuk sepuluh hari terakhir Ramadan, maka beliau menghidupkan malamnya, membangunkan istrinya, bersungguh-sungguh dan mengencangkan ikatan sarungnya." (Muttafaq 'Alaih)
1194/6 - And she reported: “The Messenger of Allah (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) would be more diligent in worship in Ramadan than he would be in other than it; and in the last ten of it, he would be more diligent than in other times.” [Narrated by Muslim]
6/1194- Aisyah -raḍiyallāhu 'anhā- berkata, "Rasulullah -ṣallallāhu 'alaihi wa sallam- sangat giat beribadah di bulan Ramadan melebihi semangat ibadah beliau di bulan yang lain, dan pada sepuluh malam terakhirnya beliau lebih giat lagi melebihi hari lainnya." (HR. Muslim)
Tie up his lower garment firmly: A metaphor that denotes diligence in worship and retirement from women.
شَدَّ المئزَرَ (syaddal-mi`zar): ia mengencangkan ikatan sarung, adalah kata kiasan untuk kesungguhan dalam beribadah dan menjauhi perempuan.
1) The Prophet (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) was diligent in worship during the last ten nights of Ramadan and would urge his family to engage in worship. Thus, he taught his Ummah to be keen on worship during these blessed nights.
1) Kesungguhan Nabi -ṣallallāhu 'alaihi wa sallam- dalam beribadah di sepuluh malam terakhir serta motivasi beliau kepada keluarganya untuk beribadah, untuk mengajarkan umat ini tentang urgennya kesungguhan dalam beribadah di malam-malam yang berkah ini.
2) It is permissible to engage in worship all night during the last ten days of Ramadan.
2) Boleh menghidupkan seluruh malam dengan ibadah di sepuluh malam terakhir Ramadan.
3) When performed in a meritorious time, an act of worship becomes more virtuous. So, a believer should seize those blessed nights.
3) Kemuliaan ibadah dan pahalanya akan menjadi besar sesuai dengan keutamaan waktu, sehingga orang beriman harus giat mengisi malam-malam yang berkah dengan berbagai ibadah.
1195/7 - She also reported: I said: “O Messenger of Allah, what if I come to know which night is the Night of Qadr: What should I say in it?” He said: “Say: Allahumma innaka ‘afuwwun tuhibu al-‘afwa fa‘fu ‘annī (O Allah, You are Oft-Pardoning and You love to pardon, so pardon me).” [Narrated by Al-Tirmidhi; he classified it as Hasan Sahīh (sound and authentic)]
7/1195- Masih dari Aisyah -raḍiyallāhu 'anhā-, ia berkata, Aku berkata, "Wahai Rasulullah! Kabarkan kepadaku, jika aku mengetahui malam lailatulkadar, apa yang harus aku baca padanya?" Beliau bersabda, "Ucapkanlah, 'Allāhumma innaka 'afuwwun tuḥibbul-'afwa fa-'fu 'annī' (Ya Allah! Sesungguhnya Engkau Maha Pemaaf, Engkau suka memaafkan, maka maafkanlah aku)." (HR. Tirmizi dan dia berkata, "Hadis hasan sahih")
1) They point out the merit of the Mother of the Believers ‘Ā’ishah (may Allah be pleased with her) as she was keen to ask about useful knowledge and put it into practice.
1) Keutamaan Ummul-Mu`minīn Aṣ-Ṣiddīqah Aisyah -raḍiyallāhu 'anhā- dalam hal kesungguhannya untuk bertanya tentang ilmu yang bermanfaat dan melanjutkannya dengan pengamalan ilmu tersebut.
2) The supplication about pardon and forgiveness comprises all goodness in this world and the Hereafter.
2) Doa yang menggabungkan kebaikan dunia dan akhirat berupa permohonan maaf dan ampunan.
3) The best supplication to make during the Night of Qadr is “O Allah, You are Oft-Pardoning and You love to pardon, so pardon me.” This is the Prophet’s guidance, and had there been a better supplication, he would have informed the Ummah about it.
3) Doa paling utama yang kita panjatkan pada malam lailatulkadar ialah: Allāhumma innaka 'afuwwun tuḥibbul-'afwa, fa'fu 'annī. Karena doa ini adalah yang diajarkan oleh Nabi Muhammad -ṣallallāhu 'alaihi wa sallam-. Seandainya ada doa lain yang lebih baik dari doa ini, niscaya beliau pasti mengajarkannya pada umat ini.