1775/1 - Anas (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: “The Messenger of Allah (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) forbade that a town-dweller should sell for a desert-dweller, even if he is his full brother.” [Narrated by Al-Bukhāri and Muslim]
1/1775- Anas -raḍiyallāhu 'anhu- berkata, "Rasulullah -ṣallallāhu 'alaihi wa sallam- melarang orang kota menjualkan barang orang pedalaman sekalipun dia saudaranya seayah dan seibu." (Muttafaq 'Alaih)
1776/2 - Ibn ‘Umar (may Allah be pleased with him and his father) reported that the Prophet (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) said: “Do not go to meet the merchandise till they arrive in the markets.” [Narrated by Al-Bukhāri and Muslim]
2/1776- Ibnu Umar -raḍiyallāhu 'anhumā- berkata, Rasulullah -ṣallallāhu 'alaihi wa sallam- bersabda, "Janganlah kalian mencegat barang dagangan hingga barang dagangan itu sampai di pasar." (Muttafaq 'Alaih)
1777/3 - Ibn ‘Abbās (may Allah be pleased with him and his father) reported that the Prophet (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) said: “Do not go to meet the caravans, and let no town-dweller sell for a desert-dweller.” Tāwūs said to him: “What is the meaning of ‘and let no town-dweller sell for a desert-dweller’?” He said: “He should not act as a broker for him.” [Narrated by Al-Bukhāri and Muslim]
3/1777- Ibnu 'Abbās -raḍiyallāhu 'anhumā- berkata, Rasulullah -ṣallallāhu 'alaihi wa sallam- bersabda, "Janganlah kalian mencegat rombongan pedagang yang datang, dan janganlah orang kota menjualkan untuk orang pedalaman." Ṭāwūs bertanya kepadanya, "Apa maksud sabda beliau: 'Janganlah orang kota menjualkan untuk orang pedalaman?'" Ibnu 'Abbās menjawab, "Yaitu janganlah dia menjadi makelarnya." (Muttafaq 'Alaih)
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حَاضِرٌ لِبَادٍ: al-ḥāḍir ialah orang yang tinggal di kota, dan al-bādī ialah orang yang tinggal di pedalaman.
Do not go to meet the caravans: Let town-dwellers not go to receive the coming desert-dwellers before they arrive in the town.
تَلَقِّيْ الرُّكْبَانَ: orang kota mencegat orang pedalaman sebelum dia sampai ke kota.
1) Part of the wisdom behind the prohibition of a town-dweller selling for a desert-dweller is that the town-dweller should not deceive the desert-dweller, for the latter does not know the prices in the market.
1) Di antara hikmah diharamkannya orang kota menjualkan untuk orang pedalaman ialah agar pedagang dari pedalaman tidak tertipu lantaran dia tidak mengetahui harga barang di pasar.
2) Islam guarantees the ignorant and unaware their right during sale transactions, thus destroying the unjust common rule that says: “Law does not protect fools.”
2) Islam memberikan jaminan kepada orang yang tidak tahu atau tidak menyadari haknya ketika berjual beli, dan dengan itu Islam telah melabrak kaidah zalim yang telah menjadi kebiasaan: hukum tidak melindungi orang yang lalai, dan hukum tidak menampung orang yang lalai!
3) Blood relationship does not make the unlawful lawful. So, a believer should be keen to establish the Shariah of Allah, even if this contradicts the kinship interests.
3) Hubungan nasab tidak menghalalkan apa pun yang diharamkan Allah, sehingga orang beriman harus giat menegakkan agama Allah -Ta'ālā- walaupun bertentangan dengan maslahat kekerabatan.
1778/4 - Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: “The Messenger of Allah (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) forbade that a town-dweller should sell for a desert-dweller; and similarly Najash was forbidden. And one should not urge somebody to return the goods to the seller so as to sell him his own goods; nor should one demand the hand of a girl who has already been engaged to someone else; and a woman should not try to cause some other woman to be divorced in order to take her place.” Another narration reads: “The Messenger of Allah (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) forbade the people from meeting the caravan on the way for entering into business transaction with them; a town-dweller from selling for a desert-dweller; a woman from stipulating that another woman be divorced; and a man from selling his product by canceling the sale of his brother’s product; and he forbade the practice of Najash (falsely overpricing) and leaving the milch animals unmilked to deceive the buyer.” [Narrated by Al-Bukhāri and Muslim]
4/1778- Abu Hurairah -raḍiyallāhu 'anhu- berkata, "Rasulullah -ṣallallāhu 'alaihi wa sallam- melarang orang kota menjualkan untuk orang pedalaman, janganlah kalian melakukan najasy, janganlah seseorang melakukan jual beli di atas jual beli saudaranya dan jangan melamar di atas lamaran saudaranya, janganlah seorang perempuan meminta saudarinya diceraikan untuk menuangkan apa yang ada di bejananya." Dalam riwayat lain dia berkata, "Rasulullah -ṣallallāhu 'alaihi wa sallam- melarang dari mencegat rombongan pedagang yang datang, melarang seorang muhajirin menjualkan untuk orang badui, melarang seorang perempuan mensyaratkan saudarinya dicerai, melarang seseorang melakukan penawaran di atas kesepakatan jual beli saudaranya, serta melarang najasy dan taṣriyah." (Muttafaq 'Alaih)
1779/5 - Ibn ‘Umar (may Allah be pleased with him and his father) reported that the Prophet (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) said: “None of you should enter into a transaction already entered into by his brother, and none should make a proposal of marriage upon the proposal already made by his brother, unless he permits it.” [Narrated by Al-Bukhāri and Muslim - this is his wording]
5/1779- Ibnu Umar -raḍiyallāhu 'anhumā- meriwayatkan bahwa Rasulullah -ṣallallāhu 'alaihi wa sallam- bersabda, "Janganlah sebagian kalian melakukan jual beli di atas jual beli yang lain dan jangan melamar di atas lamaran saudaranya kecuali bila dia mengizinkannya." (Muttafaq 'Alaih, dan ini redaksi Muslim)
1780/6 - ‘Uqbah ibn ‘Āmir (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Prophet (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) said: “The believer is the brother of the believer. So, it is not lawful for a believer to enter into a transaction already entered into by his brother, nor to make a proposal of marriage upon the proposal already made by his brother, until he gives it up.” [Narrated by Muslim]
6/1780- 'Uqbah bin 'Āmir -raḍiyallāhu 'anhu- meriwayatkan bahwa Rasulullah -ṣallallāhu 'alaihi wa sallam- bersabda, "Orang mukmin adalah saudara mukmin yang lain, maka tidak halal bagi orang beriman untuk melakukan pembelian di atas jual beli saudaranya dan tidak pula melamar di atas lamaran saudaranya kecuali dia meninggalkannya." (HR. Muslim)
Najash: to overprice a product with the aim of deceiving a buyer.
النَّجَشُ (an-najasy): menambah harga barang untuk menipu orang lain.
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لِتكْفَأَ مَا فِيْ إنَائِهَا, berasal dari kalimat "kafa`tu al-qidra", artinya: aku membalik panci. Maksudnya supaya dia yang menikah dengan laki-laki tersebut sebagai ganti saudarinya seagama.
A man from selling his product by canceling the sale of his brother’s product: This is when the seller and buyer have agreed on the sale transaction and are close to finalizing it, and then another person comes and tells the seller: I will buy your commodity.
يَسْتَامَ الرَّجُلُ عَلىٰ سَوْمِ أَخِيهِ: adanya kesepakatan jual beli antara pemilik barang dan calon pembeli, dan keduanya sama-sama tertarik, walaupun mereka belum melangsungkan akadnya, lalu orang ketiga datang kepada penjual dengan mengatakan, "Saya saja yang membeli barangmu."
Some people tend to leave the animals unmilked when they intend to sell them so that their udders look bigger and the buyer gets misled into believing that the animals produce abundant milk, which is not the case.
التَّصْرِيَةُ (at-taṣriyah): mengumpulkan air susu unta atau kambing dengan mengikat kantong susunya ketika hendak dijual sehingga kantong susunya menjadi besar dengan tujuan berbuat curang dan menipu sehingga calon pembeli mengira hal banyak air susunya itu adalah kebiasaan tetapnya.
1) It is prohibited to overprice a product in a sale transaction for the purpose of deceiving buyers. It is also prohibited for a man to enter into a sale transaction already entered by another man or to seek to buy his product by trying to cancel the sale of another person’s product, after the seller and buyer have already agreed on the price and are close to completing the deal.
1) Haramnya menaikkan harga dalam jual beli dengan tujuan menipu, haramnya seseorang melakukan jual beli di atas jual beli saudaranya, dan haramnya melakukan penawaran di atas penawaran seorang muslim setelah terjadi kesepakatan harga dan ketertarikan untuk melakukan jual beli.
2) Anything that causes discord and separation between a man and his wife and inspires rancor and hatred within their hearts is prohibited.
2) Larangan dari semua hal yang dapat menimbulkan perpecahan dan perselisihan antara seorang perempuan dengan suaminya serta menyulut hasad dan benci.
3) All kinds of cheating and deception are prohibited, and so is anything that harms Muslims.
3) Pengharaman semua macam kecurangan dan penipuan serta semua yang mendatangkan keburukan pada kaum muslimin.
4) One of the excellent aspects of this Shariah is that it seeks to deepen the bond of brotherliness between Muslims and warns of anything that spoils it.
4) Di antara kebaikan syariat Islam adalah bahwa Islam berusaha mempererat tali persaudaraan keimanan dan memberikan peringatan dari semua yang dapat merusaknya.