Allah Almighty says: {Do not spy on one another} [Surat al-Hujurāt: 12] He also says: {Those who abuse believing men and women for something they did not commit, they will bear the burden of slander and flagrant sin.} [Surat al-Ahzāb: 58]
Allah -Ta'ālā- berfirman, "Dan janganlah kalian mencari-cari kesalahan orang lain." (QS. Al-Ḥujurāt: 12) Dia juga berfirman, "Dan orang-orang yang menyakiti orang-orang mukmin laki-laki dan perempuan, tanpa ada kesalahan yang mereka perbuat, maka sungguh, mereka telah memikul kebohongan dan dosa yang nyata." (QS. Al-Aḥzāb: 58)
Spying: pursuing people's faults, and seeking to disclose them.
التَّجّسُّسُ (at-tajassus): mencari-cari aib orang lain dan berusaha mengungkapnya.
1) It is forbidden to pursue the private matters of Muslims as it is one of the major sins.
1) Larangan mencari-cari aib (kesalahan) kaum muslimin karena hal itu termasuk dosa besar.
2) Intentional listening to others’ talk – while they dislike this – is a form of great harm that Allah has forbidden.
2) Sengaja mendengarkan percakapan orang lain -padahal mereka tidak suka- termasuk perbuatan menyakiti tingkat tinggi yang dilarang oleh Allah -Ta'ālā-.
1570/1 - Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Prophet (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) said: “Beware of suspicion, for suspicion is the most untrue speech. Do not look for the faults of one another, do not spy on one another, do not compete against one another, do not envy one another, do not harbor hatred for one another, do not shun one another, and be, O slaves of Allah, brothers to one another as He commanded you. A Muslim is the brother of a Muslim. He should neither oppress him nor fail him nor humiliate him. Piety is here! Piety is here!” While saying so he pointed to his chest. “It is enough evil for a Muslim to look down upon his Muslim brother. All things of a Muslim are inviolable to his brother in faith: his blood, his wealth, and his honor. Verily, Allah does not look to your bodies nor to your images but He looks to your hearts and your deeds.”
1/1570- Abu Hurairah -raḍiyallāhu 'anhu- meriwayatkan bahwa Rasulullah -ṣallallāhu 'alaihi wa sallam- bersabda, "Jauhilah berprasangka, karena prasangka itu adalah pembicaraan yang paling dusta. Janganlah kalian menguping pembicaraan orang lain, jangan memata-matai, jangan saling bersaing, jangan saling menghasad, jangan saling membenci, dan jangan saling memusuhi. Tetapi jadilah kalian hamba-hamba Allah yang bersaudara sebagaimana kalian diperintahkan. Muslim itu adalah saudara muslim yang lain; dia tidak menzaliminya, tidak meninggalkannya, dan tidak merendahkannya. Takwa itu ada di sini. Takwa itu ada di sini -sembari beliau menunjuk dadanya-. Cukuplah seseorang dikatakan buruk bila dia merendahkan saudaranya sesama muslim. Setiap muslim atas muslim yang lain terlindungi darahnya, kehormatannya, dan hartanya. Sesungguhnya Allah tidak melihat pada fisik kalian, tidak pula rupa kalian. Tetapi Allah melihat hati kalian dan amalan kalian."
Another narration reads: “Do not envy one another, do not harbor hatred for one another, do not spy on one another, do not search for the faults of one another, do not commit Najsh (artificially inflating the price) against one another, and be, O slaves of Allah, brothers.”
Dalam riwayat lain disebutkan, "Janganlah kalian saling menghasad, jangan saling membenci, jangan memata-matai, jangan menguping, dan jangan saling meninggikan harga. Tetapi jadilah hamba-hamba Allah yang bersaudara."
According to another narration: “Do not sever ties with one another, do not turn your backs on one another, do not harbor hatred for one another, do not envy one another, and be, O slaves of Allah, brothers.”
Dalam riwayat lain disebutkan, "Janganlah kalian saling memutus hubungan, jangan saling membelakangi, jangan saling membenci, dan jangan saling menghasad. Tetapi jadilah hamba-hamba Allah yang bersaudara."
In another narration: “Do not desert one another, and do not enter into a transaction which is already concluded with someone else.”
Dalam riwayat lain lagi, "Janganlah kalian saling memboikot dan jangan melakukan jual beli di atas jual beli sebagian yang lain."
[All these versions were narrated by Muslim, and most of them were narrated by Al-Bukhāri]
(Semua riwayat ini adalah HR. Muslim, sedangkan Bukhari meriwayatkan sebagian besarnya).
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لَا تَحَسَّسُوا (lā taḥassasū): at-taḥassus maknanya mencari berita sendiri. Ada yang mengatakan, maknanya ialah mendengarkan pembicaraan orang lain sedangkan mereka tidak suka didengar.
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يَخْذُلُهُ (yakhżuluhu): ia tidak mau menolong dan membantunya.
Najsh or Tanājush: bidding to raise the price without the intention to buy (to artificially inflate the price) in order to cheat others.
التَّنّاجُشُ (at-tanājusy): berpura-pura meninggikan harga barang untuk menipu orang lain.
1) A severe warning against violating the sanctity of Muslims’ blood, honor, and wealth.
1) Peringatan keras dari tindakan menzalimi darah (jiwa), kehormatan, dan harta benda kaum muslimin.
2) Prohibiting spying and eavesdropping, and anything that sows disunity among the believers.
2) Pengharaman perbuatan memata-matai dan mencari keburukan orang lain serta semua perbuatan yang dapat memecah-belah persatuan umat Islam.
3) Good deeds are the outcome of having good hearts and intentions, So, be keen on having sincerity in all your words, deeds, and affairs.
3) Kebaikan amal perbuatan berasal dari baiknya hati dan niat, maka bersungguh-sungguhlah menjaga keikhlasan di semua ucapan, perbuatan, dan semua tindakan Anda.
1571/2- Mu‘āwiyah (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: I heard the Prophet (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) say: “If you pursue the faults of the Muslims, you will surely corrupt them, or you will nearly corrupt them.” [Narrated by Abu Dāwūd with an authentic Isnād; Sahīh (authentic)]
2/1571- Mu'āwiyah -raḍiyallāhu 'anhu- berkata, Aku mendengar Rasulullah -ṣallallāhu 'alaihi wa sallam- bersabda, "Jika engkau mencari-cari aib kaum muslimin, maka engkau pasti akan merusak mereka atau engkau hampir merusak mereka." (Hadis sahih; HR. Abu Daud dengan sanad sahih)
1) The Hadīth warns against spying on the Muslims for the purpose of pursuing their faults as this causes the spread of corruption between them.
1) Peringatan dari perbuatan mencari-cari keburukan kaum muslimin karena merupakan sebab tersebarnya kerusakan di tengah-tengah mereka.
2) One of the positive aspects of the Islamic Shariah is that it warns against all that brings about corruption between Muslims.
2) Di antara keindahan syariat Islam ialah ia memberikan peringatan dari semua yang dapat mendatangkan kerusakan di antara kaum muslimin.
1572/3- A man was brought to Ibn Mas‘ūd (may Allah be pleased with him) and it was said: “This is so-and-so, and his beard is dripping with wine.” Thereupon he said: “Verily, we have been forbidden from spying; but if something is evident (i.e. if a sin is committed openly), we will act upon it.”
3/1572- Ibnu Mas'ūd -raḍiyallāhu 'anhu- meriwayatkan bahwa seseorang dibawa ke hadapannya, lalu dikatakan kepadanya, "Ini si polan, jenggotnya meneteskan khamar." Ibnu Mas'ūd mengatakan, "Sesungguhnya kami dilarang memata-matai. Namun jika tampak suatu bukti bagi kami, maka kami menghukum berdasarkan itu." (Hadis hasan sahih;
[Narrated by Abu Dāwūd with an Isnād that meets the conditions of Al-Bukhāri and Muslim]
HR. Abu Daud dengan sanad yang sesuai syarat Bukhari dan Muslim).
1) If someone makes a claim against another, basing it upon spying, his claim is rejected.
1) Siapa yang datang melaporkan tuduhan terhadap orang lain -dengan cara memata-matainya-, maka laporannya itu tidak diterima.
2) The Hadīth encourages concealing the sinner who does not commit sin in public to give him a chance to repent of it.
2) Anjuran menutupi pelaku maksiat yang tidak melakukannya terang-terangan hingga bertobat darinya.